摘要
明治政府成立不久日本就在福州设立了第二个领事馆,并派遣“驻在将校”和“留学生”收集情报;马江海战爆发时,日本海军省、参谋本部和大藏省更是直接派员来福州观察和记录战事;随后开业的福州乐善堂和第一家照相馆庐山轩,以及背后的“福州组”都起到了情报先锋的作用。可以说福州这座城市是近代日本在华的最早、最重要的情报据点之一。其大陆浪人和情报军官携手合作、亦谍亦商的情报收集模式可谓提供了早期的“教科书”范本,成为日本在华情报活动最主要的方式;对清海军情报的收集使日本得以掌握清海军实力,奠定甲午战争日本海军获胜的基础;为之后日本对华侵略扩张培养了若干熟悉中国情况的海陆军将领。
Shortly after the establishment of the Meiji Government,Japan set up the second Consulate in China in Fuzhou,where a number of Japanese generals and students were dispatched to collect intelligence.When the Majiang naval battle broke out between China and France,the Japanese Navy ministry,the General Staff Headquarters and the Tibetan province all sent investigators to Fuzhou to observe and record the war,then,Fuzhou Leshan hall,the first photo studio in Fuzhou,and the“Fuzhou group”behind it were all set up to the role of spy vanguard.It can be said that Fuzhou is one of the earliest and most important spy bases of modern Japan in China.Intelligence gathering mode of both spy and business can be described as providing an early“textbook”model,which has become the main way of Japanese spy activities in China;the collection of Qing Navy intelligence enabled Japan to grasp the strength of Qing Navy,which laid the foundation for the victory of Japanese Navy in the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895;and it trained some naval and army generals familiar with China’s situation for Japan's invasion and expansion to China.
作者
陈菁晶
胡稹
CHEN Jing-jing;HU Zhen(Concord University College,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350001,China)
出处
《哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报》
2022年第3期136-142,共7页
Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“日本藏涉闽涉台历史档案的收集、整理与研究”(16ZDA127)。
关键词
甲午战前
日本
情报活动
福州
the era before the Sino-Japanese War
Japan
espionage activities
Fuzhou
