摘要
为进一步了解树木种类和生境对大型土壤无脊椎动物群落的影响,为人工林可持续经营提供参考,该文以小黑杨和落叶松人工纯林为研究对象,通过在不同大小林窗和林冠下设置样方,采用手捡法对不同生境大型土壤无脊椎动物群落特征进行研究。结果表明,①蚁科、正蚓目、线蚓科为两林分常见类群,小黑杨人工林大型土壤无脊椎动物个体数和类群数更高,两林分中至大型林窗个体数和类群数高于小林窗;②小黑杨人工林以杂食性土壤无脊椎动物为主,随林窗面积减小,杂食性土壤无脊椎动物比例降低;落叶松人工林以腐食性土壤无脊椎动物为主,随林窗面积减小,腐食性土壤无脊椎动物比例增大;③林窗大小影响大型土壤无脊椎动物垂直分布,部分林窗个体数和类群数表现为凋落物层低于土层;④林分类型对大型土壤无脊椎动物群落多样性影响不显著(P>0.05);林窗大小显著影响大型土壤无脊椎动物群落多样性(P<0.05),小黑杨人工林大林窗多样性低,落叶松人工林中、大型林窗多样性高。综上,林分类型对大型土壤无脊椎动物群落影响不明显;林窗干扰影响较大,小黑杨人工林小至中型林窗有利土壤无脊椎动物生存,落叶松人工林中至大型林窗土壤无脊椎动物群落更丰富、多样性更高。
In order to further understand the effects of forest tree species and habitats on soil macroinvertebrates community,and provide reference for sustainable management of plantations,this paper took Populus simonii×P.nigra and Larix gmelinii plantations as the research objects,and studied the characteristics of soil macroinvertebrate community in different habitats by setting quadrats under different forest gaps and canopies.The results showed:①Formicidae,Enchytracidae and Lumbricida were common group in two stands,and the individuals and groups were higher in Populus simonii×P.nigra plantation.The individuals and groups in the medium and large gaps were higher than that in the small gap in the two stands.②The dominant soil macroinvertebrates were omnivorous in Populus simonii×P.nigra plantations.With the decrease of gap area,the proportion of omnivorous decreases.Larix gmelinii was dominated by scavengers,and the proportion of scavengers increased gradually with the decrease of gap area.③The vertical distribution of soil invertebrates was affected by gap size,and the number of individuals and groups in the litter layer was lower than that in the soil layer.④Stand types had no significant effect on the diversity of soil macroinvertebrate community(P>0.05).The size of forest gap had a significant effect on the diversity of soil macroinvertebrate community(P<0.05).The diversity of Populus simonii×P.nigra plantation gap was low,and the diversity of large gaps in Larix gmelinii plantation was high.In conclusion the effect of stand type on macroinvertebrates was not obvious,but the effect of gap disturbance on macroinvertebrates was greater.The small to medium gaps of Populus simonii×P.nigra plantation were favorable for the survival of soil invertebrates,while the medium to large gaps of Larix gmelinii plantation had richer soil invertebrate communities and higher diversity.
作者
剡丽梅
马双娇
王庆成
张勇
段嘉靖
何瑞雪
谢旭强
YAN Limei;MA Shuangjiao;WANG Qingcheng;ZHANG Yong;DUAN Jiajing;HE Ruixue;XIE Xuqiang(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《森林工程》
北大核心
2022年第4期34-44,60,共12页
Forest Engineering
基金
国家科技重大专项和重点研发项目(课题)省级资金资助(GX18B022)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572017PZ03)。
关键词
小黑杨
落叶松
林窗
大型土壤无脊椎动物
群落特征
Populus simonii×P.nigra
Larix gmelinii
gap
large soil macroinvertebrates
community characteristics
