摘要
为了解Ca^(2+)对干旱胁迫的缓解作用,对甜菜品种‘KWS1176’幼苗喷施0、5、10、20 mmol/L 4个CaCl_(2)水平溶液处理,测定对干旱胁迫下的甜菜幼苗生长、生理生化特性的影响。结果表明:(1)叶面喷施CaCl_(2)溶液可有效缓解干旱胁迫对甜菜幼苗生长造成的损伤。其中,10 mmol/L CaCl_(2)溶液处理下甜菜幼苗株高受到的抑制最小,长势最好,与0 mmol/L相比提高41.24%。(2)Ca^(2+)可缓解干旱胁迫对甜菜幼苗光合特性的抑制。叶面喷施10 mmol/L CaCl_(2)溶液对幼苗叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)的缓解效果最佳,与0 mmol/L相比,Pn、Tr、Gs分别提高70.62%、112.50%、67.00%,Ci降低32.77%。(3)干旱胁迫抑制了甜菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性,而Ca^(2+)可缓解其抑制作用。过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性在10 mmol/L时达到最大值,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在5 mmol/L时达到最大值,与0 mmol/L相比分别提高50.24%、255.13%、82.66%、58.01%。(4)干旱胁迫增加幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸含量,相对电导率上升。随着叶面喷施CaCl_(2)溶液浓度增加,MDA含量和相对电导率呈先下降后上升的趋势,在10 mmol/L时达到最小值,与0 mmol/L相比分别降低12.76%、27.93%;而喷施CaCl_(2)溶液进一步促进脯氨酸含量的积累(10 mmol/L达到最大值,与0 mmol/L相比提高75.15%),可减轻干旱诱导的渗透胁迫。综上所述,叶面喷施外源钙可以降低干旱胁迫对甜菜生长造成的伤害,其中叶面喷施10 mmol/L CaCl_(2)溶液时效果最佳。
In order to understand the alleviating effect of Ca^(2+) on drought stress,four CaCl_(2) levels of solutions 0 mmol/L,5 mmol/L,10 mmol/L and 20 mmol/L were applied to the seedlings of sugar beet varieties'KWS1176'for determining the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics under drought stress.The results showed that:(1)spraying CaCl_(2) solution on leaves effectively alleviated the damage to the growth of seedings caused by drought stress.Among them,the height of beet seedlings treated with 10 mmol/LCaCl_(2) solution was the least inhibited and the growth was the best,which increased 41.24% compared with 0 mmol/L.(2)Ca^(2+)can alleviate the inhibition of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics of beet seedlings.Foliar spraying CaCl_(2) solution at the rate of 10 mmol/L had the best alleviating effect on net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci).Compared with 0 mmol/L,Pn,Tr and Gs increased by 70.62%,112.50% and 67.00%,respectively.Ci decreased by 32.77%.(3)Drought stress inhibited the activity of antioxidant enzymes in beet seedlings,and Ca^(2+) alleviated the inhibitory effect.The activities of peroxidase(POD)and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)reached the maximum at 10 mmol/L,and catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities reached the maximum value at 5 mmol/L,which were higher than 0 mmol/L by 50.24%,255.13%,82.66% and 58.01%,respectively.(4)The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and proline increased under drought stress,and the relative electrical conductivity increased.The content of MDA and relative conductivity decreased firstly and then increased with the concentration increase of CaCl_(2) solution,and reached the minimum value at 10 mmol/L,which decreased by 12.76% and 27.93%,respectively.Spraying CaCl_(2) solution further promoted the accumulation of proline content(10 mmol/L reached the maximum,which increased 75.15% compared with 0 mmol/L),and alleviated the osmotic stress induced by drought.In con
作者
梅书洋
何敏敏
耿贵
於丽华
王宇光
MEI Shuyang;HE Minmin;GENG Gui;YU Lihua;WANG Yuguang(College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080;College of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)
出处
《中国糖料》
2022年第3期34-40,共7页
Sugar Crops of China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31701487)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设项目(CARS-170209)资助。
关键词
甜菜
幼苗
外源钙
干旱胁迫
生长
生理生化特性
sugar beet
seedling
exogenous calcium
drought stress
growth
physiological and biochemical characteristics
