摘要
《巴黎协定》第6条第2款和第6条第4款继承并发展了《京都议定书》的国际碳交易机制,并为碳交易的全球协同提供了新的制度框架。在此框架下,国际碳交易有两种具体形态,即以国际转让减缓成果为客体的国家主体之间的交易和以碳配额或碳信用为客体的以非国家行为体为主要参与者的交易。然而,从碳市场链接的实践来看,因实质性的技术障碍、道德困境和政治阻碍的存在,碳交易全球协同的实现仍有较大的不确定性。如欲通过国际碳市场的全球协同实现相对统一的全球碳价格,应进一步强化《巴黎协定》下国际气候制度的顶层设计,建立专门的碳交易全球监督管理机构,探索发行具有全球通兑功能的碳金融产品,通过全球性注册登记管理系统或平台实现对各国碳配额或碳信用的通兑和交易。
The Article 6.2 and Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement inherit and develop the international carbon trading system from the Kyoto Protocol, providing a new normative framework for the global carbon trading. Grounded on these rules, the international carbon trading will perform in two modes. One is the transferring of International Transferred Mitigation Outcomes(ITMOs) among States;the other is the transaction of Carbon Emission Allowance and Emission Reductions with non-State actors as primary participators. However, the global cooperation of the international carbon trading may result in an uncertain prospect due to the material technical barriers, ethical dilemma and political obstacles from the experience of linkage of the carbon markets. Generating a uniformed global carbon price still needs to strengthen the top-level design of the international climate institution. The suggested measures include creating a special international organization, issuing a global carbon financial credits and formulating a uniformed global carbon trading platform, through which it may achieve the global transaction and exchange of carbon allowances and carbon credits issued by difference States.
出处
《国际法研究》
CSSCI
2022年第3期91-109,共19页
Chinese Review of International Law
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目“国际碳交易机制的全球协同与中国因应”(项目批准号20FFXB065)
对外经济贸易大学科研项目“国际法和比较法视角下中国碳交易法制体系建设研究”(项目号H20032)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
巴黎协定
国家自主贡献
国际排放贸易
碳市场链接
碳市场俱乐部
全球碳预算
Paris Agreement
National Determined Contributions
International Emission Trading
Linking Carbon Market
Carbon Market Club
Global Carbon Budget
