摘要
三七为多年生中药材,具有严重的生产障碍问题,生长过程中易发多种病虫害,当前主要的防治方法为化学农药防控,因而三七农药残留问题备受关注。该文综述了1981—2021年40年间三七中常见农药残留种类、检测方法,并比较了国内外有关三七农药残留的限量标准,以期为指导三七合理用药、控制药材质量提供参考,从而推动中国三七产业的持续发展。当前三七药材农药残留研究仅40篇公开发表文献,存在严重的研究不足问题。目前利用色谱-串联质谱技术可同时检测出三七中上百种农药残留,农药检出从早期的双对氯苯基三氯乙烷(滴滴涕)、六氯环己烷(六六六)、对硫磷等禁用农药逐步转变为烯酰吗啉、腐霉利、丙环唑、苯醚甲环唑等低毒农药,来自三七中农药残留的膳食风险较低,不会对食用者造成健康危害。该研究认为积极开展三七农药残留质量标准的研制工作,在保留标准中已有农药的基础上,增加生产实际中应用的农药,指导农户科学使用农药,将是未来工作的重点方向。
Panax notoginseng is a perennial Chinese medicinal plant,which has serious continuous cropping obstacles and is prone to a variety of diseases and insect pests during the growth process.At present,the prevention and control of pests and diseases is mainly carried out through chemical pesticides,and the consequent pesticide residues of P.notoginseng have attracted much attention.This study reviewed the types and detection methods of pesticide residues in P.notoginseng from 1981 to 2021,and compared the limits of pesticide residues in P.notoginseng in China and abroad to provide a reference for rational application of pesticides in P.notoginseng and quality control of medicinal materials,thereby promoting the sustainable development of the P.notoginseng industry in China.Currently,there are only 40 published papers on pesticide residues of P.notoginseng,which is indicative of a serious problem of insufficient research.At present,hundreds of pesticide residues in P.notoginseng can be detected simultaneously by using chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The pesticides detected have gradually changed from early prohibited ones,such as dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane(DDT),benzene hexachloride(BHC),and parathion,to low toxic ones(e.g.,dimethomorph,procymidone,propicona-zole,and difenoconazole).The dietary risk from pesticide residues in P.notoginseng is low,which would not cause harm to consu-mers.This study concluded that in the future,the development of the quality standard for pesticide residues of P.notoginseng should be actively carried out.To increase the pesticides used in actual production in the quality standard based on the existing ones and to guide farmers to use pesticides scientifically will be the focus of future work.
作者
郑凯
郭兰萍
张小波
王承潇
曲媛
刘伟
周涛
张亚玉
崔秀明
杨野
ZHENG Kai;GUO Lan-ping;ZHANG Xiao-bo;WANG Cheng-xiao;QU Yuan;LIU Wei;ZHOU Tao;ZHANG Ya-yu;CUI Xiu-ming;YANG Ye(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650050,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng,Kunming 650050,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Shandong Analysis and Testing Center,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Ji′nan 250014,China;Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;Special Product Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1438-1444,共7页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)
云南省重大科技专项(202102AA310034)
国家自然科学基金项目(81960690)
国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1702701)。
关键词
三七
病虫害
农药残留
检测
标准
Panax notoginseng
diseases and insect pests
pesticide residues
detection
standard
