摘要
在线庭审在空间维度上使庭审从实体物理空间转换到虚拟网络空间,在线诉讼异步审理则在时间维度上改变了传统诉讼活动的实现样态。在“异步审理”模式下,法官与当事人诉讼活动的“非同步”性,使其诉讼信息交流方式呈现“离散”状态,诉讼时间线的延长使各审理环节失去紧密联系,法官心证的形成方式也发生重大变化。因其非同步性的审理外观,异步审理呈现出“书面外观+口头内在”的特征。但是,法官仍然需要亲历诉讼两造“留言式”的互动争讼,并以当事人主张的证据和争辩作为裁判形成的基础,因而其并未背离直接言词审理原则的基本精神。异步审理的特殊审理形态及其与传统同步审理的运行差异,决定了在对其规则构建时应当设置必要限度。
The online trial transforms the court trial from physical space to virtual cyberspace in the spatial dimension,while the asynchronous trial of online litigation further changes the realization of traditional litigation activities in the time dimension.In the asynchronous trial mode,the“staggered time”nature of the litigation activities between the judge and both parties makes the litigation information exchanges“discrete”.The extension of the litigation timeline makes each trial process lose close contact.As a result,significant changes have taken place in the judge’s free testimony.Due to its non-synchronous trial appearance,asynchronous hearings have the characteristics of“written appearance plus oral internal”.However,the judges still experience the interactive disputes of the two parties in the litigation,and use the evidence and arguments claimed by both parties as the basis for the formation of the judgment,so it does not deviate from the principle of direct speech.The special trial form of asynchronous trial and its functional differences with the traditional synchronous trial determine that necessary limits should be set in the construction of its rules in the future.
作者
谢登科
赵航
XIE Dengke;ZHAO Hang(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期78-88,共11页
Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
最高人民法院2021年司法案例研究课题“人民法院在线诉讼规则的案例研究”(2021SFAL042)
国家社科基金一般项目“电子数据区块链存证研究”(21BFX014)。
关键词
互联网法院
异步审理
同步审理
在线诉讼
internet court
asynchronous trial
simultaneous trial
online litigation
