摘要
回答好“新型研发机构成长的制度生成逻辑”这一根本问题,是认识、研究、发展新型研发机构的基本前提。本文重点分析新型研发机构成长的制度基础,基于政策目标-政策工具-政策执行-政策效果四维框架,对培育新型研发机构具有突出表现的深圳、北京、南京、上海四个重要城市进行比较研究。结果表明:新型研发机构的发展很大程度上得益于制度创新。政府支持新型研发机构的制度有如下特征:政策目标更多是培育新创新主体而非对传统科研机构升级替代;政策工具是调动社会力量而非政府参与竞争;政策执行已形成常态化制度而非临时性手段;政策效果表现在质量效益贡献而非传统重数量指标。特殊制度安排也衍生了新问题,集中在新型研发机构的法律主体地位、市场化发展能力和政府科技治理能力现代化三个方面,这也是未来改革的着力点。
Answering the question of the system generation logic of New R&D institution(NRDI)growth is the basic prerequisite for its development.This paper analyzes the institutional basis for the development of NRDI.Comparing the construction differences among Shenzhen,Beijing,Nanjing,and Shanghai in policy goals,policy instruments,policy implementations and policy effects,we points out that NRDI has the following characteristics.First,the policy goal is more to cultivate new subject rather than upgrading or replacing traditional research institution;Second,the policy tool is to mobilize social forces rather than participating in competition by government;Third,policy implementation has formed a normalized system rather than a temporary measure;Fourth,the policy effect is manifested in the contribution of quality and benefit rather than traditional quantitative indicators.Meanwhile,it has also generated new problems including the legal subject status of NRDIs,market-oriented development capabilities,and the modernization of government sci-tech governance capabilities,which are also the future reform directions.
作者
姜春
李诗涵
胡峰
程龙
Jiang Chun;Li Shihan;Hu Feng;Cheng Long(School of International Relations&Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Economics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Jiangsu Science and Technology Institute,Nanjing 210042,China;Science and Technology Talents Center,Ministry of Science and Technology,Beijing 100862,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期26-37,共12页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
中国科协高端科技创新智库青年项目“新型研发机构在国家创新体系中的功能定位与治理”(20200608CG080732)。
关键词
政府
新型研发机构
制度创新
制度困境
Government
New R&D Institution(NRDI)
System innovation
System dilemma
