摘要
2017—2020年我国一流大学建设高校的经费预算平均增长了31.29%,一流大学建设的经费投入及效率受到学界及社会的广泛关注。笔者使用国际通用的投入产出指标,采用三阶段DEA方法分析一流大学建设高校经费投入效率情况,并运用Tobit模型分析经费投入和使用结构对效率的影响。研究发现,我国一流大学建设高校经费投入效率较高,并呈现“西部最高、东部次之、中部最低”的区域差异特征;规模效率是影响技术效率的主要因素,纯技术效率小于1会带来明显的学术产出不足;城市人均GDP、财政投入教育的比例、一流大学建设高校数量对经费投入效率有正向作用;财政拨款、事业经费、捐赠经费占比对效率的影响呈“U型”,基本支出占比对效率的影响呈“倒U型”。应适当控制一流大学建设高校的规模,提升学术影响力,优化经费结构,建立经费投入效率监督问责机制。
The budget of first-class universities construction increased by 31.29% on average from 2017 to 2020 in China.The fund input and efficiency of first-class universities construction have been widely concerned by the academic circle and the society.This paper uses the internationally input-output index in three-stage DEA method to analyze the fund input efficiency of first-class universities construction, and uses the Tobit model to analyze the influence of fund input and expenditure structure on the efficiency.The results show that the fund input efficiency of Chinese first-class universities construction is high with the regional characteristic “the highest in the west, the second in the east and the lowest in the middle”.Scale efficiency is the main factor leading to inefficiency, and the lack of pure technical efficiency leads to the obvious lack of academic output.Urban per capita GDP,the proportion of education financial expenditure of government and the number of first-class universities construction have positive effects on the fund input efficiency.The effects of proportion of financial appropriation, undertaking fund and donation fund on efficiency are u-shaped, while the effect of proportion of basic expenditure on efficiency is inverted U-shaped.Correspondingly, the strategies like proper controlling the scale of first-class universities construction, enhancing academic influence, optimizing the structure of funds, and establishing the supervision and accountability mechanism of funds input efficiency should be applied.
作者
栗玉香
边忠让
张荣馨
LI Yu-xiang;BIAN Zhong-rang;ZHANG Rong-xin
出处
《中央财经大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期30-43,共14页
Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics
基金
安徽省教育厅人文科学研究重大项目“安徽省建设高质量教育体系的财政投入长效机制研究”(项目编号:SK2021ZD0021)。
