摘要
魏晋南北朝是佛教发展的重要时期,但这一时期的佛寺园林极少有形象资料可为研究佐证。成都万佛寺遗址出土的《南朝双观音造像碑》碑阴清晰描绘了一处佛寺园林,提供了此时期佛寺园林的重要图像资料。通过对这一图像的分析与复原研究,可探知南北朝佛寺园林的空间格局与山、池渠、植物等组成内容的营造特征,如寺院入口的渠池-桥-莲花模式,主体建筑集中于前院,以乔木、灌木组合为层次丰富的植物景观,并以孤植、蕉石组合等方式创造景观焦点;寺院后部筑山植树,营造自然山林之意趣。该图像反映出佛寺园林的组成、格局和造景特征受到皇家苑囿和士人园林的影响,同时为满足佛教活动的需求又形成了自身的特点。
Although celebrated as a crucial chapter in the history of Chinese Buddhism,the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties left present-day researchers little graphical evidence on the Buddhist temple gardens built in that era.However,an integral and clear depiction of an example,hence invaluable,was provided by On the Erection of Southern Dynasties Dual Avalokiteśvara Figure stele,unearthed from the site of Wanfo Temple in Chendu,on its back.This essay delivered some reconstructive research on this example,which revealed architectural and gardening features including the temple's surrounding,layout and edifices as well as the garden's mounds,water courses and vegetation.For example,there may be a ditch,a bridge and lotus at the entrance to the temple;the main buildings are usually concentrated in the front yard;the planting design is full of layers and is used to create the focal point of the landscape,there may be mountain forest at the rear of the yard.These features shows that the example not only bears certain shared characteristics with imperial and scholar-official gardening but also manifests uniqueness in its own right.
出处
《中国园林》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期127-132,共6页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
陕西省社会科学基金项目(编号2016GJ002)资助。
关键词
风景园林
成都万佛寺
《南朝双观音造像碑》
魏晋南北朝
佛寺园林
landscape architecture
Wanfo Temple in Chengdu
On the Erection of Southern Dynasties Dual Avalokiteśvara Figure stele
Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties
Buddhist temple garden
