摘要
为探究水产养殖中养殖不同物种对水体和沉积物中细菌群落的影响,以养殖克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii, PC)和中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis, PS)的水体和沉积物样品为研究对象,利用基于16S rRNA基因的高通量测序技术,对细菌群落多样性和群落组成进行分析,并结合环境因子,探究水产养殖对细菌群落的影响。结果显示,水体和沉积物中细菌群落的α多样性均呈现PS>PC的显著差异(P<0.05)。非度量多维尺度分析的结果显示,PC和PS区的水体和沉积物细菌群落结构均呈现明显差异。冗余分析(RDA)的结果表明,水体氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)和硝酸盐氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)是影响水体细菌群落结构的最主要环境因子,沉积物总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和有机碳(OC)均对沉积物细菌群落结构有显著影响(P<0.05)。PC和PS区中的细菌隶属于34门、114纲、258目、504科和955属,水体中共筛选出了11个优势菌门(相对丰度>0.5%),沉积物中筛选出了13个。2个养殖区域的水体样品中共筛选出了15个优势(相对丰度>1%)操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Unit, OTU),其中有9个具有脱氮除磷或去除有机质的作用,它们分别属于丛毛单胞菌科(Comamonadaceae)、腐螺旋菌科(Saprospiraceae)、嗜甲基菌属(Methylophilus)、放线菌目(Actinomycetales)和沉积杆菌属(Sediminibacterium)。整体上,这9个优势OTUs在PC区中的相对丰度更高,并且与氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)和硝酸盐氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)的相关性较强。同时,在沉积物样品中筛选出了7个优势OTUs,其中有3个主要参与氮循环,它们分别属于Dechloromonas属、Prolixibacteraceae科和厌氧绳菌科(Anaerolineaceae)。此外,在水体样品中发现了3个优势OTUs为致病菌,分别属于黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)和多核杆菌属(Polynucleobacter)。综合以上分析,养殖不同物种会对水体和沉积物中细菌群落多样性和结构产生不同影响。
In order to investigate the effects of different aquacultural species(Procambarus clarkii, PC and Pelodiscus sinensis, PS) on planktonic and benthic bacterial communities, water and sediment samples were collected. The α-diversity, compositions and abundance of the planktonic and benthic bacterial community were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing targeted the 16 S rRNA genes. The influence of environmental factors on bacterial communities was also examined. The results showed that, for both water and sediment samples, the α-diversity of bacterial community within PS zone was significantly higher than that of the PC zone(P<0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) analysis showed that the bacterial community composition of the water and sediment samples were significantly different between the two zones. Redundancy analysis(RDA) showed that ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N) and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N) were the main factors that affected the bacterial community composition in the water samples. Total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), and organic carbon(OC) had significant effects(P<0.05) on the bacterial community composition in the sediment samples. 34 phyla, 114 classes, 258 orders, 504 families, and 955 genera of bacterial communities were obtained totally from the water and sediment samples in the two zones. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that there were eleven and thirteen dominant phyla(relative abundance>0.5%) of bacterial communities within water and sediment samples, respectively. We found fifteen and seven dominant(relative abundance>1%) operational taxonomic units(OTUs) in water samples and sediment samples, respectively. In water samples, there were nine dominant OTUs could remove nutrients, and they were belonged to Comamonadaceae, Saprospiraceae, Methylophilus, Actinomycetales and Sediminibacterium, respectively. The relative abundance of these nine dominant OTUs within PC zone was higher than that of the PS zone in general. And the relative abundance of the eight o
作者
张弘杰
徐慧敏
过梓栩
何斐
曾巾
赵大勇
ZHANG Hongjie;XU Huimin;GUO Zixu;HE Fei;ZENG Jin;ZHAO Dayong(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science,MEE,Nanjing 210042,China;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期3254-3266,共13页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07301006)
江苏省渔业科技类项目:池塘工业化生态养殖系统净水区水质优化技术研究(D2017-2-2)。
关键词
水产养殖
细菌
高通量测序技术
群落多样性
群落组成
aquaculture
bacteria
high-throughput sequencing
community diversity
community composition
