摘要
黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)是仅分布于喀斯特石山生境的珍稀濒危灵长类动物。由于非法捕杀和人类活动干扰,其种群数量正在急剧减少。同时,随着森林砍伐和土地开垦的加速,其栖息地严重破碎化。因此,了解栖息地破碎化对黑叶猴种群的影响对于保护这一珍稀濒危物种具有重要意义。基于遥感影像、土地利用数据以及黑叶猴种群调查数据,通过Fragstats软件开展广西黑叶猴栖息地景观破碎化分析,并通过相关性和多元逐步回归分析,探讨了景观格局对广西黑叶猴种群数量的影响。结果表明:(1)广西黑叶猴栖息地呈现破碎化严峻、斑块形状复杂化、斑块团聚程度较弱且分散化的现象;栖息地以林地景观占据重要优势,但人为景观的干扰十分强烈;在不同地区中,生境破碎化程度、人为干扰强度以及景观配置均呈现不同的特征,其中扶绥地区人为干扰最为强烈,德保地区的景观块数破碎化程度较为严重,而龙州地区的人为干扰程度最小,其森林景观最为聚集。(2)蔓延度指数、平均斑块分维指数、林地面积、林地斑块大小、裸岩面积和裸岩面积比重等景观指数与黑叶猴种群数量有显著正向关系,Shannon多样性指数则是显著负向关系;而耕地面积、耕地面积占比、居民地面积以及居民地面积占比等具有人为干扰性质的景观指数对黑叶猴种群数量没有显著相关性。(3)多元逐步回归分析表明,林地面积的大小是影响广西黑叶猴种群数量关键因子,其次是平均斑块分维指数。因此,在保护规划工作中应该根据黑叶猴分布区的森林覆盖率、破碎化程度、生境连通度以及景观配置情况进行生态恢复,同时也应结合保护区的实际情况进行调整。
The Fran9 ois′langur(Trachypithecus francoisi)is an endangered primate species that is restricted to habitats characterized by karst topography.Because of illegal hunting and disturbance by human activities,its population decreases dramatically.Moreover,its habitats become severely fragmented as results of the acceleration of deforestation and land reclamation.Therefore,it is important to understand the influence of habitat fragmentation on the Fran9 ois′langur population,which will provide key information for the conservation of this rare and endangered species.In this study,based on remote sensing images,land-use data,and the Fran9 ois′langur population survey data,we conducted landscape fragmentation analysis of the Fran9 ois′langur habitat in Guangxi by Fragstats software.We also explored the influences of landscape pattern on the population of Fran9 ois′langurs in Guangxi by correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that the landscape pattern of the Fran9 ois′langur habitats in Guangxi presented severe fragmentation,complex patch shapes,weak patch aggregation,and decentralization.The woodland landscape still made an important contribution to the langur habitats,but the anthropogenic landscape interference was very strong.There were different characteristics in the degree of habitat fragmentation,the intensity of human disturbance,and the distribution of landscapes in different areas.The Fusui area had the strongest human disturbance,and the Debao area had a more severe degree of fragmentation,while the Longzhou area had the least anthropogenic disturbance and its forest landscape was the most aggregated.There were significantly and positively relationships between Contagion Index,Mean Patch Fractal Dimension,Woodland Area,Woodland Patch Size,Bare Rock Area and Bare Rock Percentage of Landscape and the population of Fran9 ois′langurs,whereas Shannon Diversity Index was significantly and negatively related to the population of Fran9 ois′langurs.However,th
作者
管超毅
陈智
黄乘明
周岐海
GUAN Chaoyi;CHEN Zhi;HUANG Chengming;ZHOU Qihai(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期1203-1212,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870514,31670400)
广西自然科学基金项目(2019GXNSFDA245021)。
关键词
黑叶猴
喀斯特生境
景观格局
破碎化
Fran9ois′langur(Trachypithecus francoisi)
karst habitat
landscape pattern
fragmentation
