摘要
以陆两优996(早稻)和丰源优299(晚稻)为供试材料,在“早蓄晚灌”节水条件下,设置常规施氮处理(CK)、不施氮处理(N_(0))和3个增密减氮处理(IR_(1)、IR_(2)、IR_(3)),早稻的IR_(1)、IR_(2)、IR_(3)的施氮量分别为103.2、86.4、69.6 kg/hm^(2),栽植密度分别3.2×10^(5)、3.6×10^(5)、4.0×10^(5)株/hm^(2);晚稻的IR_(1)、IR_(2)、IR_(3)的施氮量分别为129、108、87 kg/hm^(2),栽植密度分别为2.8×10^(5)、3.2×10^(5)、3.6×10^(5)株/hm^(2),探索增密减氮对双季稻光合特性、水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:在早、晚稻的孕穗期、齐穗期,IR_(3)处理的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)均高于其他处理;分蘖期的净光合速率(Pn)大于乳熟期的,孕穗、乳熟期IR_(3)的Pn明显高于其他处理;早稻分蘖、孕穗、齐穗期以及晚稻孕穗、齐穗期的SPAD值均与产量呈显著正相关;早、晚稻孕穗期的气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)与产量呈显著正相关性;分蘖期的蒸腾速率(Tr)与产量呈显著负相关。与常规施肥和种植密度处理相比,增密减氮IR_(3)处理既能提高SPAD值和Pn,又可显著提高水分利用效率。
Luliangyou 996(early rice)and Fengyuanyou 299(late rice)were selected for field experiment to investigate the planting parameters(water saving,density increasing and nitrogen reducing)effects on photosynthetic characteristics,yield correlation and water use efficiency of double cropping rice.Under the water-saving condition of“early storage and late irrigation”,conventional fertilizer density(CK)and normal density without nitrogen fertilizer(N0),densification and nitrogen reduction(IR1,IR2,IR3)were set up for this study.For early rice,the nitrogen application rates of IR1,IR2 and IR3 were 103.2,86.4 and 69.6 kg/hm2,respectively,and the planting densities were 3.2×105,3.6×105 and 4.0×105 plants/hm2,respectively.In late rice,the nitrogen application rates of IR1,IR2 and IR3 were 129,108 and 87 kg/hm2,respectively.The planting densities were 2.8×105,3.2×105 and 3.6×105 plants/hm2,respectively.The results showed that chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)of IR3 treatment was higher than that of other treatments at booting stage and full heading stage of the early and late rice.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn)at tillering stage was higher than that at milking stage,and the Pn of IR3 at booting and milking stage was higher than that of other treatments.There was a significant positive correlation between yield and SPAD in tillering,booting and full heading stage of early rice and booting and full heading stage of late rice.And,Gs and Ci at booting stage of early and late rice were significantly positively correlated with yield.Tr at tillering stage was significantly negatively correlated with yield.Compared with conventional fertilizer density treatment,densification and nitrogen reduction IR3 treatment could not only increase SPAD and Pn,but also significantly improve water use efficiency.
作者
周文涛
龙文飞
戈家敏
龙攀
徐莹
傅志强
ZHOU Wentao;LONG Wenfei;GE Jiamin;LONG Pan;XU Ying;FU Zhiqiang(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Ministry of Education,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in Central China,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期1-7,共7页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0301003)。
关键词
双季稻
节水栽培
增密减氮
光合特性
产量
水分利用效率
double cropping rice
water saving cultivation
density increasing and nitrogen reducing
photosynthetic characteristics
yield
water use efficiency
