摘要
为明确不同着生部位黄精种子的生理及萌发特性,确定适宜采收期,以黄精植株不同部位(上部、中部、下部)着生的果实及种子为试验材料,分别于2020年7月31日、8月15日、8月30日、9月14日、9月29日取样,测定黄精果实百果质量、直径以及黄精种子千粒质量、含水率、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、淀粉含量、粗脂肪含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、初生根茎形成率、出苗率等。结果表明,黄精植株中、下部的百果质量、果实直径和种子千粒质量均大于上部。8月30日前种子含水率为上部>中部>下部,9月14日后无显著差异。8月30日之后,不同部位种子可溶性糖含量差异不显著;中、下部种子可溶性蛋白含量高于上部;不同部位种子淀粉含量有所降低;不同部位种子SOD活性、POD活性差异不显著;下部种子CAT活性高于中、上部。除8月30日之外,其余采收时间粗脂肪含量均为下部>中部>上部。8月15日采收的植株中、下部种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、初生根茎形成率和出苗率均达到峰值,中部分别为91.11%、77.78%、4.90、82.22%、64.00%,下部分别为90.00%、80.00%、4.47、87.78%、67.67%。综上,黄精果实的适宜采收期为8月中旬,且中、下部种子成熟度高于上部,质量优于上部。
In order to clarify the physiological and germination characteristics of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. seeds in different implantation sites and determine the appropriate harvest time,fruits and seeds in different implantation sites(upper,middle,lower)of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. plants were sampled on July 31,August 15,August 30,September 14 and September 29,2020,100 fruit weight,fruit diameter,the 1 000 seed weight,water content,soluble sugar,soluble protein,starch and crude fat contents,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activities,germination rate,germination potential,germination index,primary rhizome formation rate,seedling emergence rate of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. seeds and so on were measured. The results showed that 100 fruit weight,fruit diameter and 1 000 seed weight in the middle and lower parts of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. were bigger than those in the upper part. Before August 30,the water content showed upper > middle > lower,and there was no significant difference after September 14. After August 30,there was no significant difference in the soluble sugar content of seeds in different implantation sites,the soluble protein content of middle and lower seeds was higher than that of the upper part,the starch content of seeds in different implantation sites decreased,the SOD activity and POD activity of seeds in different implantation sites did not show significant difference,and the CAT activity of lower seeds was higher than that of the middle and upper part. Except August 30,the content of crude fat in other periods showed lower > middle >upper. The seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,primary rhizome formation rate and seedling emergence rate of the middle and lower parts of seeds collected on August 15 reached the peak,which were 91. 11%,77. 78%,4. 90,82. 22% and 64. 00% in the middle and 90. 00%,80. 00%,4. 47、87. 78% and 67. 67% in the lower parts respectively. Therefore,the suitable harvest time of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. fruit is the mid
作者
张红瑞
孟盼盼
王茜
刘国彬
高致明
ZHANG Hongrui;MENG Panpan;WANG Xi;LIU Guobin;GAO Zhiming(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Sanmenxia Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Sanmenxia 472000,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2021年第12期56-67,共12页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2018GGJS030)
国家自然科学基金项目(31701370)。
关键词
黄精
着生部位
种子
果实
生理特性
萌发特性
Polygonatum sibiricum
Implantation site
Seed
Fruit
Physiological characteristic
Germination characteristic
