摘要
目的调查老年人的日常生活能力现状并分析其影响因素,制定改善老年人日常生活能力计划,最大限度地提高老年人的功能水平和生活质量。方法应用老年综合评估(CGA)量表,采取整群抽样方法,对2019年12月至2020年3月山东省烟台市65岁以上259 401名老年人进行调查,评估老年人日常生活能力现状,多因素Logistic回归模型分析日常生活能力影响因素。结果烟台市65岁以上的老年人日常生活能力受损率为20.9%,需要依赖;受性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地、婚姻状况、起立-行走测试结果、视力、听力、认知功能、跌倒风险、误吸风险、压疮风险、营养状况、多重用药等因素影响,老年人的日常生活能力差异均有统计学意义。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、认知功能、跌倒、压疮是影响老年人日常生活能力的主要因素,认知功能正常、无跌倒风险、压疮低度风险均为保护因素。结论大样本调查显示烟台市老年人的日常生活能力受损情况相对较轻,高龄、无配偶、认知功能受损等是老年人日常生活能力受损的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the activities of daily living and analyze its related factors in the elderly,and develop plans to improve the elderly’s daily living ability to maximize their functional level and quality of life.Method The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment(CGA)scale was applied,and a whole-group sampling method was used to assess the activities of daily living in 259 401 adults aged over 65 years old in Yantai City,Shandong Province,from December 2019 to March 2020.A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors.Result In Yantai,20.9% of adults aged of 65 had impaired daily living skills,resulting in the dependence of other individuals and/or mechanical devices.Statistically significant differences in the activities of daily living in the elderly were found by gender,age,education level,place of residence,marital status,standing-walking test results,visual acuity,hearing,cognitive function,fall risks,aspiration risks,pressure sores risks,nutritional status,and multiple medication use.Multivariate analysis showed that age,marital status,cognitive function,falls,and pressure sores were the main factors affecting the activities of daily living in the elderly,and normal cognitive function,no risk of falls,and low risk of pressure sores were all protective factors.Conclusion The large sample survey showed that the impairment of daily living ability of the elderly in Yantai was relatively mild,and advanced age,no spouse,and impaired cognitive function were risk factors for the impairment of daily living ability of the elderly.
作者
陈喜
郁阿翠
杨萌娜
李浩
慈莉娅
Chen Xi;Yu Acui;Yang Mengna;Li Hao;Ci Liya(Department of Geriatrics,Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Shandong province,Yantai 264000,Shandong,China;Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd,Hebei province,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei,China)
出处
《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》
2022年第1期46-51,共6页
Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)
基金
烟台市科学技术局研究项目(2020YD095)
烟台市社会科学规划研究项目(ytsk2016-Z-036)。
关键词
老年综合评估
日常生活能力
老年人
影响因素
Comprehensive geriatric assessment
Activities of daily living
Elderly
Related factors
