摘要
2019年7月—2020年8月,应用红外相机技术研究天津盘山风景名胜区人类干扰对野生动物活动节律的影响效应,比较分析相对多度指数(RAI)前5位的留鸟和哺乳动物在有、无人类干扰位点区域之间的活动节律差异,以及不同强度人类干扰区域之间的活动节律差异。结果发现:1)人类干扰对留鸟活动节律的影响较小,RAI最大的红嘴蓝鹊Urocissa erythroryncha(重叠系数△=0.8257,P=0.0410)的区域间活动节律存在显著分化;而山噪鹛Garrulax davidi(△=0.8575,P=0.1700)、环颈雉Phasianus colchicus(△=0.8780,P=0.7050)、山斑鸠Streptopelia orientalis(△=0.8703,P=0.3610)和喜鹊Pica pica(△=0.7802,P=0.1010)的区域间活动节律无显著分化;2)人类干扰对昼行性哺乳类活动节律的影响高于夜行性哺乳类,猪獾Arctonyx collaris(△=0.6686,P=0.4480)和亚洲狗獾Meles leucurus(△=0.8420,P=0.6410)的区域间活动节律无显著分化;而松鼠Sciurus vulgaris(△=0.7752,P<0.0001)、岩松鼠Sciurotamias davidianus(△=0.8535,P=0.0240)和蒙古兔Lepus tolai(△=0.8534,P=0.0390)的区域间活动节律存在显著分化;3)野生动物对不同强度人类干扰作出不同的行为反应,部分个体可以忍耐低强度人类干扰,绝大部分个体均回避高强度人类干扰。本研究为相关自然保护地对野生动物综合保护与管理提供了基础科学参考依据。
From July 2019 to August 2020,infrared camera technology was applied to focus on the effects of human disturbance in activity rhythm of wild animals in the Tianjin Panshan Scenic Spot.The study analyzed differences in round-the-clock activity rhythm of resident birds and mammals,whose relative abundance index(RAI)are the top five,between regions with and without human disturbance,and between regions with different intensities of human disturbance.The results showed that:1)human disturbance had little effect on the activity rhythm of resident birds.There were significant differences in interregional activity rhythm of red-billed blue magpie(Urocissa erythroryncha)(overlap coefficient△=0.8257,P=0.0410)with the highest RAI.While RAI ranked 2nd to 5th in the list were plain laughingthrush(Garrulax davidi)(△=0.8575,P=0.1700),common pheasant(Phasianus colchicus)(△=0.8780,P=0.7050),oriental turtle dove(Streptopelia orientalis)(△=0.8703,P=0.3610)and common magpie(Pica pica)(△=0.7802,P=0.1010)showed no significant difference of interregional activity rhythms.2)The influence of human disturbance on the activity rhythm of diurnal mammals was higher than that of nocturnal mammals.The interregional activity rhythm of hog badger(Arctonyx collaris)(△=0.6686,P=0.4480)and Asian badger(Meles leucurus)(△=0.8420,P=0.6410)did not differ significantly.However,there were significant differences in interregional activity rhythms among Eurasian red squirrel(Sciurus vulgaris)(△=0.7752,P<0.0001),Pére David s rock squirrel(Sciurotamias davidianus)(△=0.8535,P=0.0240)and tolai hare(Lepus tolai)(△=0.8534,P=0.0390).3)Wild animals displayed various behavioral responses to different intensities of human disturbance,and some of them could tolerate low levels of human disturbance,while most of them could avoid high levels of human disturbance.This study provides basic scientific reference for our comprehensive conservation and scientific management of wildlife living in the nature reserves.
作者
莫秀洪
莫麒颖
卢宪旺
关洪武
张卫兵
孙宝军
冀贺莲
田雅慧
赵大鹏
MO Xiuhong;MO Qiying;LU Xianwang;GUAN Hongwu;ZHANG Weibing;SUN Baojun;JI Helian;TIAN Yahui;ZHAO Dapeng(College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Panshan Scenic Spot Administration Bureau,Tianjin 301900,China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2022年第1期30-41,共12页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
中央财政林业补助资金项目——野生动物监测专项
天津市级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010065058)
国家自然科学基金项目(31772468)。
关键词
盘山
人类干扰
活动节律
野生动物
Panshan
human disturbance
activity rhythm
wild animals
