摘要
采用高温箱式电阻炉对退火态GCr15轴承钢进行了淬火和低温回火处理,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪和洛氏硬度计对其经不同淬火保温时间处理后的显微组织、残留奥氏体含量和硬度进行了分析,并利用UMT-2摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下对GCr15钢进行滑动摩擦磨损试验,采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、三维形貌仪对其磨损率和磨损机制进行分析,研究淬火保温时间对GCr15轴承钢显微组织、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:GCr15轴承钢经淬火和回火处理后的组织由回火马氏体、残留奥氏体和碳化物组成。随着淬火保温时间的延长,GCr15轴承钢的残留奥氏体含量和硬度均呈现先增加后减小的趋势,而碳化物平均尺寸先减小后增加,保温时间为60 min时,碳化物的数量急剧减少;淬火保温时间对GCr15轴承钢摩擦系数影响不大,保温40 min时磨损率最小,20 min时磨损最严重。磨痕表面粘着磨损与氧化磨损共存,保温40 min时,磨痕表面剥落坑相对较小,剥落最轻微。
Annealed GCr15 bearing steel was quenched and tempered in a high temperature box resistance furnace.Microstructure,retained austenite content and hardness of the steel after quenching for different time and tempering were analyzed by means of optical microscope,X-ray diffractometer and Rockwell hardness tester.The sliding friction and wear test of the GCr15 steel was carried out on UMT-2 friction and wear tester under dry friction condition,and the wear rate and wear mechanism were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometer analysis and three-dimensional topography.The effects of quenching holding time on microstructure,mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of the GCr15 bearing steel were studied.The results show that the microstructure of the GCr15 bearing steel after quenching and tempering is composed of tempered martensite,retained austenite and carbide.With the increase of quenching holding time,the retained austenite content and hardness of the GCr15 bearing steel increase first and then decrease,while the average size of carbide decreases first and then increases.When the quenching holding time is 60 min,the number of carbide decreases sharply.The friction coefficient of the GCr15 bearing steel is not affected by quenching holding time,and the wear rate is the lowest when the quenching holding time is 40 min and the most serious when the quenching holding time is 20 min.Adhesion wear and oxidation wear coexist on the surface of wear marks.When the quenching holding time is 40 min,the peeling pits on the surface of wear marks are relatively small and the peeling is the slightest.
作者
穆永哲
贺甜甜
邵若男
郑晓猛
崔通
杜三明
张永振
MU Yong-zhe;HE Tian-tian;SHAO Ruo-nan;ZHENG Xiao-meng;CUI Tong;DU San-ming;ZHANG Yong-zhen(National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)
出处
《材料热处理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期109-116,共8页
Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000302)
国家自然科学基金(51905153)。
关键词
GCR15钢
淬火时间
摩擦系数
磨损率
磨损机制
GCr15 steel
quenching holding time
friction coefficient
wear rate
wear mechanism
