摘要
形成积极的人生目标对于学生成长成才至关重要,然而目前国内大学生群体中存在着学习意义缺失、未来规划迷茫、人生价值模糊等“空心化”现象,高校人生目标教育较为乏力。如何有效落实“立德树人”、培育大学生的人生目标成为我国高等教育面临的迫切问题。对相关研究进行综述发现:青年人生目标的培养问题得到国内外学界普遍关注,人生目标感的教育研究脱胎于心理学的人生意义感研究,西方已产生大量实证研究成果。现有研究发现影响大学生人生目标感的高校学习经历涉及个体互动反思、课程活动参与和整体学习环境感知三个层面,但对其影响机制的揭露尚显不足,而且一些结论之间存在矛盾。我国大学生的人生目标和意义来源呈现出非自我导向、物质主义等特征。超我取向的人生目标在美国教育实践中遇冷,但与我国的理想信念教育需求暗合。国内学界的人生目标和理想信念研究既要积极借鉴国外实证研究范式,更应深入开展能够参与国际对话的本土化研究。
It is very important to form a positive purpose for students'development.however,there are"hollow heart"phenomena in domestic college students,such as lack of learning meaning,the confusion of future planning,and the fuzzy value of life.How to effectively implement the"Chinese Moral Education"and cultivate college students'ideals and beliefs has become an urgent problem faced by higher education in China.It is found that the cultivation of young people's purpose has attracted widespread attention in academia at home and abroad.The educational research on the sense of life purpose is derived from the research on the sense of life meaning in psychology,and a large number of empirical research about it have been produced in the Western academia.Existing studies have concluded,college experience that influence students'sense of life purpose can be classified to three levels:individual interaction and reflection,curriculum and activity participation and overall learning environmental perception,nevertheless,the study of its influence mechanism is still insufficient,and some conclusions about its influence factor are contradictory.The life purpose and meaning sources of Chinese college students are characterized by non-self-authorship and materialism.The purpose of BTS(Beyond-the-self)orientation is not emphasized enough in American educational practice,but it coincides with educational needs of ideals and beliefs in China.The research on life purpose or ideals and beliefs in domestic academia should not only actively learn from foreign empirical research paradigms,but also deeply carry out localization research that can discuss with international academia.
作者
谢鑫
张红霞
XIE Xin;ZHANG Hong-xia(Institute of Education,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210093,China)
出处
《教学研究》
2021年第6期55-64,共10页
Research in Teaching
基金
中国高等教育学会“高教改革与发展重大理论与实践问题研究”项目(2017ZD02)
南京大学2019年度博士研究生创新创意研究计划项目(CXCY19-09)。
关键词
人生目标
大学生发展
学习经历
理想信念
中西差异
purpose in life
college student development
learning experience
ideals and beliefs
differences between Chinese and western
