摘要
【目的】探明牡丹江市阳明区药用植物资源的基本状况,为其中药资源的合理利用与可持续发展提供依据。【方法】采用全国中药资源普查的方案设计与实施方法,于2020年7月23日至2021年7月25日对黑龙江省牡丹江市阳明区的铁岭镇、磨刀石镇、桦林镇和五林镇的中药资源进行野外实地调查。【结果】牡丹江市阳明区的野生药用资源有252种,隶属193属,76科,重点药用植物主要有五味子、白鲜皮、赤芍、苍术、威灵仙、穿山龙、南沙参、玉竹、绵马贯众和车前草等28种,以菊科、蔷薇科和豆科等种类繁多,分别为39种、23种和19种,占15.5%、9.1%和7.5%;野生中药资源的生活型主要由多年生草本植物、1年生草本植物、灌木、乔木和藤本植物组成;重点药材有木贼、粗茎鳞毛蕨和萹蓄等共计28种,面积0.3~55.6 km^(2),蕴藏量26~283628 kg,分布面积较大的有龙芽草、路边青和关苍术等,分别为55.6 km^(2)、30.2 km^(2)和29.0 km^(2),蕴藏量较大的主要有木贼、粗茎鳞毛蕨和龙芽草等,分别为283628 kg、58897 kg和51422 kg,紫菀、苦参、桔梗等药材蕴藏量极小,分别仅26 kg、54 kg和130 kg;刺五加、羊耳蒜和红松等8种药用植物为国家重点保护Ⅱ级植物。【结论】牡丹江市阳明区的菊科、蔷薇科和豆科等植物种类较多,中药材原生态种植前景较好,富含多种珍贵药材及国家重点保护Ⅱ级植物。
【Objective】The basic situation of medicinal plant resources in Yangming District,Mudanjiang City is explored to provide the scientific basis for rational utilization and sustainable development of Chinese medicinal resources.【Method】The Chinese medicinal resources is surveyed by using the project design and implement method of National General Survey of Chinese Medicinal Resources in Tieling Town,Modaoshi Town,Hualin Town and Wulin Town,Yangming District from July 23,2020 to July 25,2021.【Result】There are 252 species of wild medicinal resources in Yangming District of Mudanjiang City,belonging to 193 genera and 76 families.The key medicinal plants mainly include 28 species of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill,Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz,Paeonia lactiflora Pall,Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam,Clematis manshurica Rupr,Dioscorea nipponica Makino,Adenophora tetraphylla(Thunb.)Fisch,Polygonatum odoratum(Mill)Druce,Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai,Plantago asiatica L,etc.39 species,23 species and 19 species respectively belong to Compositae,Rosaceae and Leguminosae and account for 15.5%,9.1%and 7.5%of total species.The life form of wild Chinese medicine resources is mainly composed of perennial herbs,annual herbs,shrubs,trees and vines.The distribution area and reserves of 28 key medicinal materials(Equisetum hiemale L,Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai,Polygonum aviculare L and so on)are 0.3~55.6 km^(2) and 26~283628 kg respectively.The distribution area of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb,Geum aleppicum Jacq and Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam is 55.6 km^(2),30.2 km^(2) and 29.0 km^(2) separately.The reserves of Equisetum hiemale L,Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai and Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb is up to 283628 kg,58897 kg and 51422 kg respectively but the reserves of Aster tataricus L.f,Sophora flavescens Ait and Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)is only 26 kg,54 kg and 130 kg separately.8 medicinal plants of Acanthopanax senticosus(Rupr.et Maxim.)Harms,Liparis campylostalix H.G.Reichenbach and Pinus koraiensis Siebold et
作者
马伟
刘美琦
李洪源
孙嘉莹
于欣欣
王思嘉
刘秀波
MA Wei;LIU Meiqi;LI Hongyuan;SUN Jiaying;YU Xinxin;WANG Sijia;LIU Xiubo(College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040;Jiamusi College,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154000,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2021年第12期93-98,共6页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004)
黑龙江中医药大学优秀创新人才领军人才项目(2018RCL09)。
关键词
中药材
中药资源普查
牡丹江
黑龙江
traditional Chinese medicinal materials
general survey of Chinese medicinal resources
Mudanjiang
Heilongjiang
