摘要
文章旨在评估饲料加工方式对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化及胴体性状的影响。试验将896头13周龄平均体重为42.77 kg的商品肥猪随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复28头。试验采用2×2因子设计,即2种饲料形式(粉料和颗粒料)及原料粉碎粒度(500和1000μm),整个试验为期8周。结果:粉料组育肥猪平均日采食量和料重比较颗粒料显著提高3.77%和3.68%(P<0.05),同时500μm粒度组育肥猪日增重较1000μm显著提高5.48%(P<0.05),但料重比显著降低6.29%(P<0.05)。饲料形式和粉碎粒度对育肥猪平均日增重、采食量和料重比的影响均无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。颗粒料组育肥猪粗脂肪表观消化率较粉料组显著提高3.18%(P<0.05),但粉碎粒度及饲料形式和粉碎粒度的交互作用对粗脂肪表观消化率的影响均无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料形式和粉碎粒度及其交互作用对育肥猪干物质、粗蛋白质、氮排泄和氮沉积的影响均无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料颗粒形式和粉碎粒度及其交互效应对育肥猪屠宰率、背膘厚度、胃肠道、腿肌和腰肌的影响均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,饲料颗粒形式及原料粉碎粒度对育肥猪胴体性状无负面影响,但采用颗粒料饲喂育肥猪可提高饲料效率及粗脂肪表观消化率,原料粉碎粒度为500μm时可提高日增重和饲料效率。
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feed processing on growth performance,nutrient digestion and carcass traits of finishing pigs.A total of 89613-week-old commercial fat pigs with an average body weight of 42.77 kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 28 pigs per replicate.The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks using a 2×2 factor design,that is,two feed forms(powder and pellet)and raw material crushing size(500 and 1000μm).Results:Average daily feed intake and feed/gain of finishing pigs in powder group were significantly increased by 3.77%and 3.68%(P<0.05)compared with that of pellet group,while daily gain of finishing pigs in 500μm group was significantly increased by 5.48%(P<0.05)compared with that of 1000μm group,but the feed/gain of finishing pigs was significantly decreased by 6.29%(P<0.05).There were no significant interaction effects of feed form and particle size on average daily gain,feed intake and feed/gain of finishing pigs(P>0.05).The apparent digestibility of ether extract of finishing pigs in pellet group was significantly increased by 3.18%compared with powder group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in apparent digestibility of ether extract of finishing pigs in pellet group and the interaction between feed form and pulverized particle size(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in dry matter,crude protein,nitrogen excretion and nitrogen deposition among finishing pigs(P>0.05).,there were no significant differences in dressing percentage,backfat thickness,gastrointestinal tract,leg muscle and psoas muscle among finishing pigs(P>0.05).Conclusion:Under the conditions of this experiment,the form of feed pellet and pulverized particle size of raw material have no negative effects on carcass traits of finishing pigs,but feeding with pellet can improve feed efficiency and apparent digestibility of crude fat,and when the pulverized particle size of raw material is 500μm,daily gain and feed efficiency can be improved.
作者
李永萍
宁志军
郭伟
陶艳华
郭晶晶
靳小惠
LI Yongping;NING Zhijun;GUO Wei;TAO Yanhua;GUO Jingjing;JIN Xiaohui(Animal Health Quarantine Service Center of Zhaoling District,Luohe,Henan Province 462000,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Zhaoling District,Luohe,Henan Province 462000,China;Animal Quarantine and Inspection Center of Yancheng District,Luohe,Henan Province 462000,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Yancheng District,Luohe,Henan Province 462000,China;Animal Quarantine Station of Luohe City,Henan Province 462000,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2021年第20期17-20,共4页
China Feed
关键词
加工方式
育肥猪
生长性能
养分消化
胴体性状
feed processing
finishing pig
growth performance
nutrient digestion
carcass trait
