摘要
《论语》中有两处载有孔子想要“帮助乱党”之事,由于这两件事与孔子的圣人形象不符,后世学者对此多有辩护。帝制时代的学者将孔子想象成维护集权政治的“素王”,但以君子治理小邦才是《论语》中孔子政治思想的主线。分封制的演变、春秋后期的社会变动,是孔子这一思路产生的时代背景;孔子欲应乱党之召在当时的历史情境之中合情合理。后世学者重提封建的主张,以及追求自治的政治实践,皆与孔子重视小邦治理的思路灵犀相通。
The Analects of Confucius recorded that Confucius wanted to help two rebels,which did not match the saint image of Confucius.Therefore,the later scholars argued a lot about that.In the imperial society,the scholars portrayed Confucius as“Su King”who helped centralize the state power.However,as a matter of fact,small states governed by gentlemen was the leading idea in the political thinking in The Analects of Confucius.In the middle and late period of the Spring and Autumn Era,the evolution of feudalism and the changing social structure was the historic background of the generation of Confucius’s thought.The image of Confucius wanted to help two rebels matched the historic situation.Later scholars’s mentioning of the feudal ideas and the pursuit of local autonomy was similar to Confucius’s emphasis on government in small areas.
出处
《政治思想史》
CSSCI
2021年第3期53-68,197,共17页
Journal of the History of Political Thought
关键词
孔子
《论语》
“帮助乱党”
小邦治理
Confucius
The Analects of Confucius
“helping rebels”
small country politics
