摘要
根据语义特征,将水语个体量词分为形状量词、类别量词、专用量词和种类量词。水语个体量词的认知范畴层级较为明晰,本文主要描写类别量词、通用量词和形状量词内部区别特征。首先,量词■ai^(33)、ta■k^(43)把万物区分为人类与非人类两种;其次,在非人类事物中,量词t■^(31)把动物从非人类事物中区分出来,分为动物与非动物两种;在非动物类的事物中,又按外观特征分为形状、规格和存在状态三类;外观特征根据突显与否分为特征突显和特征弱显类;特征突显类又可按维度分为一维、二维与三维;规格可按尺寸分为大、小以及不分规格类;存在状态可以分为液体、气体以及固体。对个体量词的层级鲜明的范畴化区分,体现了水族群体对世界的认知理解。
According to the semantic characteristics,individual classifier in Shui language is divided into shape classifier,category classifier,general classifier,special classifier and kindclassifier.The cognitive category level of individual classifier in Shui language is relatively clear.This paper mainly describes the internal distinguishing characteristics of category classifier,general classifier and shape classifier.First,classifier ■ai^(33) and ta■k^(43) divide all things into human and non-human;secondly,in non-human things,the classifier t■^(31) distinguishes animals from non-human things and divide them into animals and non-animal.In non-animal things,they are divided into three categories according to appearance characteristics:shape,specification and existence state.Appearance features can be divided into salient features and weak features according to whether they are salient or not.Salient feature can be divided into one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional according to dimension.Specifications can be divided into large,small and non-specification categories according to size.The existing state can be divided into liquid,gas and solid.The distinct categorization of individual classifier reflects the Shui people′s cognitive understanding of the world.
作者
石丽菊
SHI Li-ju(School of Chinese Ethnic Minority Languages and Literatures,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《黔南民族师范学院学报》
2021年第4期48-59,共12页
Journal of Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities
基金
中央民族大学研究生科研实践项目“水族水文异体字研究”(BBZZKY-2020036)阶段性成果。
关键词
水语
个体量词
认知
范畴
Shui language
classifier
cognition
category
