摘要
探讨慢性荨麻疹(chronic urticaria,CU)伴气道过敏性疾病[变应性鼻炎和(或)哮喘]患者的气传变应原致敏特点。2015年5至8月首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院变态反应科在我国内蒙古草原地区采取多阶段分层整群抽样的调查方法进行了过敏性疾病的流行病学调查,对18~80岁的3294名调查对象中诊断的CU患者191例和气道过敏性疾病患者1132例的气传变应原皮肤点刺试验结果进行分析。计数资料采用χ^(2)分割法检验,率的分层变化趋势采用趋势χ^(2)检验。结果显示,191例CU中,不伴气道过敏性疾病者(CU单一患病)92例(48.17%),伴气道过敏性疾病者99例(51.83%)。位列前三位的气传变应原:CU单一患病为尘螨、藜科花粉和柳树花粉(仅一种是当地主要变应原),CU伴气道过敏性疾病与气道过敏性疾病[变应性鼻炎和(或)哮喘]均为蒿属、葎草和藜科花粉(均为当地的主要变应原)。CU伴气道过敏性疾病与CU单一患病相比较,变应原皮肤点刺阳性率和多重强阳性率差异均有统计学意义(59.60%vs 38.04%,χ^(2)=13.336,P<0.0167;27.12%vs 2.86%,χ^(2)=8.729,P<0.0167)。CU伴气道过敏性疾病与气道过敏性疾病相比较,皮肤点刺阳性率、多重阳性率、强阳性率和多重强阳性率的差异均无统计学意义(59.60%vs 57.69%,χ^(2)=0.136,P>0.0167;71.19%vs 75.20%,χ^(2)=0.461,P>0.0167;54.24%vs 69.68%,χ^(2)=5.969,P>0.0167;27.12%vs 37.83%,χ^(2)=2.663,P>0.0167)。CU单一患病与气道过敏性疾病相比较,皮肤点刺阳性率、多重阳性率、强阳性率和多重强阳性率差异均有统计学意义(38.04%vs 57.69%,χ^(2)=13.336,P<0.01;51.43%vs 75.20%,χ^(2)=9.745,P<0.01;28.57%vs 69.68%,χ^(2)=25.624,P<0.01;2.86%vs 37.83%,χ^(2)=17.620,P<0.01)。变应原皮肤点刺阳性率、强阳性率和多重强阳性率随着CU伴发的过敏性疾病种类的增多而增高(38.04%、56.98%和76.92%,χ^(2)=10.601,P<0.01;28.57%、46.94%和90.00%,χ^(2)=12.085,P<0.01;2.86%、24.49%和4
To analyze the sensitization characteristics and significance of airborne allergens in chronic urticaria(CU)with airway allergic diseases(allergic rhinitis and/or asthma).From May to August 2015,the Department of allergy,Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University conducted an epidemiological survey of allergic diseases in grassland area of Inner Mongolia by multistage stratified cluster sampling.The results of skin prick test(SPT)for airborne allergens in 191 patients with CU and 1132 patients with airway allergic diseases were analyzed.The statistical data were tested by chi-square segmentation method,and the stratified trend of rate was tested by Linear-by-Linear.Among the 191 patients with CU,92(48.17%)had CU without airway allergic diseases(CU alone),and 99(51.83%)had CU with airway allergic diseases.The top three air allergens were house dust mite,chenopodium pollen and salix pollen in CU alone(only one is the major local allergen),and artemisia,humulus scandens and chenopodium pollen in CU with airway allergic diseases(All are the main local allergens)and airway allergic diseases.Compared between CU alone and CU with airway allergic disease,the positive rate of allergen SPT and multiple strong positive rate were statistically significant(59.60%vs 38.04%,χ^(2)=13.336;27.12%vs 2.86%,χ^(2)=8.729;P<0.0167).There was no significant difference in positive rate of skin prick,multiple positive rate,strong positive rate and multiple strong positive rate between CU with airway allergic disease and airway allergic diseases(59.60%vs 57.69%,χ^(2)=0.136,P>0.0167;71.19%vs 75.20%,χ^(2)=0.461,P>0.0167;54.24%vs 69.68%,χ^(2)=5.969,P>0.0167;27.12%vs 37.83%,χ^(2)=2.663,P>0.0167),but there was significant difference in these between CU without airway allergic disease and airway allergic diseases(38.04%vs 57.69%,χ^(2)=13.336,P<0.01;51.43%vs 75.20%,χ^(2)=9.745,P<0.01;28.57%vs 69.68%,χ^(2)=25.624,P<0.01;2.86%vs 37.83%,χ^(2)=17.620,P<0.01).The strong positive rate and the multiple strong positive ra
作者
陈艳蕾
王晓艳
王洪田
王学艳
Chen Yanlei;Wang Xiaoyan;Wang Hongtian;Wang Xueyan(Allergy Center,Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100038,China;Department of Allergy,Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期1011-1015,共5页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项经费资助(ZYLX201826)。
