摘要
当前刑法理论上关于追缴违法所得的刑罚说、保安处分说、刑罚与保安处分混合说等具有较大不足,刑罚说难以解决不法取得所得与刑罚依赖定罪的矛盾,保安处分说无法解决对人身危险的处分与违法所得属于物的矛盾,混合说实质上属于刑罚说。有关境外立法形成的英国“民刑复合型”理念与制度以及德国的“三元并存型”理念与制度对我国具有借鉴意义,刑事诉讼法的两次修改对刑法形成了倒逼效应。对违法所得的刑事追缴应当确定为刑事单列后果,不以定罪为前提,符合罪刑法定原则与罪刑均衡原则。应适时修改刑法,将追缴违法所得与其他刑事处罚措施明确区分,对腐败犯罪违法所得的追缴可以试行更长的追诉时效。
The current criminal law theory on the recovery of illegal income has great shortcomings,such as the penalty theory,the security punishment theory,and the mixed theory of penalty and security punishment.The penalty theory is difficult to solve the contradiction between illegal income and penalty dependent conviction,and the security punishment theory can not solve the contradiction between the punishment of personal danger and the property of illegal income.The mixed theory essentially belongs to the penalty theory.The British concept and system of"civil and criminal compound"formed by overseas legislation and the German concept and system of"ternary coexistence"have reference significance.The two amendments to the criminal procedure law have formed a forced effect on the criminal law.The criminal recovery of illegal income should be determined as a separate criminal consequence,not on the premise of conviction,which is keeping pace with the principle for crimes under law and the principle of balance between crime and punishment.The criminal law should be amended in due time to clearly distinguish the recovery of illegal income from other criminal punishment measures.A longer limitation of prosecution can be tried for the recovery of illegal income from corruption crimes.
作者
卫磊
WEI Lei(Shanghai University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201701,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第3期79-87,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University:Social Science Edition
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”(20&ZD199)。
关键词
单列后果
违法所得
刑事
追缴
separate consequences
illegal income
criminal
recovery
