摘要
目的了解中国工程建设企业海外员工的传染病健康素养水平及其影响因素,为中资企业海外员工传染病防治工作提供依据。方法采取整群抽样,选取某大型石油公司所属工程建设企业2019年9月—12月参加出国培训的员工,采用自行设计的传染病健康素养问卷进行调查。结果员工传染病健康素养水平为51.5%。单因素分析显示,女性员工传染病健康素养高于男性(χ^(2)=4.559,P=0.045),年龄<50岁者高于年龄≥50岁者(χ^(2)=6.027,P=0.015),管理人员高于操作人员(χ^(2)=53.025,P<0.001)。多因素分析显示,文化程度和职业类型是影响传染病健康素养的主要因素。相较小学文化程度,初中(OR=3.847,95%CI:0.476~31.086,P=0.206)、高中/中专/职高(OR=7.439,95%CI:0.932~59.377,P=0.058)、大专/本科(OR=15.887,95%CI:1.992~126.673,P=0.009)、硕士及以上(OR=14.581,95%CI:1.681~126.479,P=0.015)者传染病健康素养较高;管理人员素养高于操作人员(OR=1.588,95%CI:1.105~2.281,P=0.012)。结论工程建设企业海外员工的传染病健康素养水平较低,主要影响因素为文化程度、职业类型和年龄。建议企业在员工出国前开展传染病防治的健康教育,重点教育对象应为高中及以下学历者、操作人员和≥50岁员工。
Objective To investigate the infectious disease-specific health literacy(IDSHL)level of Chinese expatriates in engineering construction enterprises and its influencing factors,providing evidence-based recommendation for infection prevention and control practices.Methods A cluster sampling design was adopted to select employees of China National Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Corporation who participated in overseas training from September to December 2019.A self-designed questionnaire was conducted to explore the IDSHL level and influencing factors among employees.Results Overall,the employee’s IDSHL rate was 51.5%.Univariate analysis showed that the IDSHL rate of female employees was higher than that of male employees(χ^(2)=4.559,P=0.045),IDSHL rate of those aged<50 was higher than those aged≥50(χ^(2)=6.027,P=0.015),and IDSHL rate of managers was higher than operators(χ^(2)=53.025,P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level and occupation type were the main factors influencing IDSHL.Compared with employees with primary school education,IDSHL rates were higher in those with junior high school(OR=3.847,95%CI:0.476-31.086,P=0.206),high school/technical secondary school/vocational high school(OR=7.439,95%CI:0.932-59.377,P=0.058),junior college/university(OR=15.887,95%CI:1.992-126.673,P=0.009)education and those have master’s degree or above(OR=14.581,95%CI:1.681-126.479,P=0.015).IDSHL rates of managers were higher than operators(OR=1.588,95%CI:1.105-2.281,P=0.012).Conclusion The IDSHL level of Chinese expatriates in engineering construction enterprises is relatively low,and the main influencing factors are education level,occupation type and age.Our study recommends that enterprises should carry out health education training on infectious diseases prevention and control before their employees go abroad.The training should pay more attention on those with high school education or less,operators and employees over 50 years old.
作者
谢燕
张雪军
谢铮
黄旸木
XIE Yan;ZHANG Xue-jun;XIE Zheng;HUANG Yang-mu(Department of Global Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Petroleum Occupational Health Technical Service Center,China National Petroleum Corporation,Langfang 065000,China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期918-922,共5页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
海外员工
传染病
健康素养
Expatriates
Infectious disease
Health literacy
