摘要
目的了解北京市延庆区儿童青少年近视基本情况,明确延庆区儿童青少年近视影响因素,为进一步开展近视防控提供参考依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样的方法,结合延庆区学校城乡分布、视力不良分级警示校等情况,抽取涵盖小学、初中、高中全年级共6所学校2149名青少年进行视力筛查、影响因素问卷调查;采用描述性分析方法,运用χ^(2)检验、单因素、多因素Logistic回归进行近视影响因素的分析。结果近视共1227人,检出率为57.10%,男、女生近视分别为581人和646人,检出率分别为52.67%和61.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.087,Ρ<0.001);城镇、乡村近视分别为836人和391人,检出率分别为64.36%和46.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=70.681,Ρ<0.001);多因素Logistic回归结果显示:城镇、睡眠不足、≥30 min的课外读写时间>3次/周、吃足量蔬菜<3次/周、不正确的书写姿势与延庆区中小学生近视的危险呈正相关;男生、规范的眼保健操、≥30 min的看电子屏幕时间≤3次/周与延庆区中小学生近视的危险呈负相关。结论延庆区儿童青少年近视检出率较高,性别、城镇、睡眠时间、读写时间、吃蔬菜量、书写姿势是否规范是延庆区儿童青少年近视的影响因素。
Objective To understand the basic situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Yanqing district,Beijing,and to clarify the factors affecting myopia in children and adolescents,so as to provide a reference for further development of myopia prevention and control.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted,the urban and rural distribution of schools and the graded warning schools for poor eyesight and other related factors were also taken into account,a total of 2149 adolescents from 6 schools were selected to participate in vision screening and influencing factors questionnaires survey,covering elementary schools,junior high schools,and high schools.Descriptive analysis,χ^(2) test,univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results There were 1227 participants with myopia,with the detection rate of 57.10%.the number of myopia cases among boys and girls was 581 and 646,with detection rates of 52.67%and 61.76%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.087,P<0.001);836 and 391 myopia cases were detected in towns and villages,with detection rates of 64.36%and 46.00%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=70.681,P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression result showed that towns,lack of sleep,≥30 min/time and>3 times/week extracurricular reading and writing time,eating sufficient of vegetables<3 times/week,and incorrect writing postures were positively correlated with the risk of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Yanqing district.Boys,standardized eye exercises,and more than 30 minutes one time and≤3 times a week of watching electronic screens were negatively correlated with the risk of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Yanqing district.Conclusions The detection rate of myopia in children and adolescents in Yanqing district is relatively high.Gender,town,sleep time,reading and writing time,the number of vegetables eaten,and standard writing posture are the influe
作者
王绍华
王卓凡
张镇权
武培丽
WANG Shao-hua;WANG Zhuo-fan;ZHANG Zhen-quan;WU Pei-li(Yanqing District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 102100,China;不详)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2021年第3期143-146,共4页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
近视
中小学生
影响因素
Myopia
Primary and middle school students
Influencing factors
