摘要
In light science and applications,equally important roles are played by efficient light emitters/detectors and by the optical elements responsible for light extraction and delivery.The latter should be simple,cost effective,broadband,versatile and compatible with other components of widely desired micro-optical systems.Ideally,they should also operate without high-numerical-aperture optics.Here,we demonstrate that all these requirements can be met with elliptical microlenses 3D printed on top of light emitters.Importantly,the microlenses we propose readily form the collected light into an ultra-low divergence beam(half-angle divergence below 1°)perfectly suited for ultra-longworking-distance optical measurements(600mm with a 1-inch collection lens),which are not accessible to date with other spectroscopic techniques.Our microlenses can be fabricated on a wide variety of samples,including semiconductor quantum dots and fragile van der Waals heterostructures made of novel two-dimensional materials,such as monolayer and few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides.
基金
supported by the National Science Centre of Poland(NCN)Grants 2016/21/N/ST3/03379,2015/18/E/ST3/00559 and 2019/03/X/ST3/01969
the EU Graphene Flagship project(No.785219)
by the ATOMOPTO project(TEAM programme of the Foundation for Polish Science cofinanced by the EU within the ERD Fund)
funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education as part of the“Diamentowy Grant”project for the years 2018-2022
support from the Elemental Strategy Initiative conducted by the MEXT,Japan and the CREST(JPMJCR15F3),JST
funded by the European Regional Development Fund Operational Programme(POIG.02.01.00-14-122/09-00).
