摘要
政商关系的重要性不仅体现在其反映的是利益集团与公共部门之间的关系问题,更在于其涉及政府与企业的互动方式,而这一互动方式又是不同制度间比较经济发展的核心变量。独立后印度政商关系的演变可分为四个阶段,分别是:1945~1979年为第一阶段,以内向型经济战略下的许可证制度为特征;1980~1990年为第二阶段,商业协会在经济事务中的作用开始凸显;1991~2013年为第三阶段,新经济改革进程加速政商关系的融合;2014年至今为第四阶段,新发展主义理念下强化政府对企业的控制。每个阶段政商关系的演变都反映了当时印度所面临的国内国际背景,同时又对印度国内政治局势与外交政策产生巨大影响。当前印度政商关系的主要作用机制有政治献金与游说、商业协会以及政治旋转门。
The importance of relations between business and political actors is reflected not only in terms of relations between interest groups and the public sector,but even more in terms of the modality of interactions between corporations and the government.In turn,the nature of interactions between these actors is a central variable for comparing economic development across different types of institutional frameworks.In India’s post-independence period,relations between business and political actors can be divided into four distinct phases:the period from 1945 to 1979 can be characterized as an inward-looking economic strategy based on a permit system;from 1980 to 1990,the role of business associations in economic affairs became particularly prominent;from 1991 to 2013,new economic reforms increased the pace of integration between commercial and political actors;and the period from 2014 to present saw the influence of new developmentalism strengthen government control over corporations.Commercial-political relations in each of these respective periods reflect aspects of the domestic and international situation India faced at a particular point in time.At the same time,relations between political and business actors also had tremendous impact on India’s domestic political trends and its foreign policy.At present,the primary means through which political-business relations are manifested include political donations,lobbying,business associations and the revolving door between business and government.
作者
戴永红
田之远
Dai Yonghong;Tian Zhiyuan
出处
《南亚研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期21-44,155,156,共26页
South Asian Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“环孟加拉湾沿岸国家安全格局对我国实施‘一带一路’战略的影响研究”(项目批准号:17ZDA045)
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“南亚国家政治法律环境与‘一带一路’建设研究”(项目批准号:16JJDGJW014)的阶段性成果。
关键词
印度
政商关系
商业协会
利益集团
India
Political-Commercial Relations
Commercial Associations
Interest Groups
