摘要
2020年8月下旬至9月上旬,东北地区接连遭受三台风“巴威”“美莎克”和“海神”的影响,历史罕见。这3个北上台风,生成时间集中,生命史长、强度大,其带来的强风雨天气和灾害叠加效应给东北地区造成较为严重影响,尤其是农业灾情严重。盘点这3个台风及其应对服务,决策气象服务工作有5个方面经验值得借鉴:提早关注台风的动向和可能影响,有序有效开展服务;聚焦对东北地区农业生产的影响和灾害叠加效应;为防灾减灾工作提供充分的气象信息供决策参考;加强与政府决策部门的联动,形成防灾减灾合力;及时开展实地调研和过程回顾总结,为精准服务决策储备技能。并针对北上台风决策气象服务提出三点建议:抓住重要时间节点,有序报送关键台风实况和预报信息;因时因地制宜定制决策气象服务产品;加强台风灾害影响评估技术研究,为更有效的台风决策气象服务提供技术支撑。
From late August to early September of 2020,three typhoons of"Bavi","Maysak"and"Haishen"successively hit Northeast China,which is rarely seen in history. These three northward typhoons featured concentrated formation time,long life history and strong intensity,and the strong storms,which superimposed disaster effects caused exerted serious impacts on Northeast China,with a serious agricultural disaster as a particular example. Based on the review of the three typhoons and their response services,five aspects of decision-making meteorological services are worth learning. First,to pay attention to typhoons in advance and carry out services in an orderly and effective manner;second,to focus on the impact on agricultural production and the disaster superposition effect;third,to provide full information reference for disaster prevention and mitigation for decision-making;fourth,to strengthen the linkage with other government decision-making departments to form a joint force for disaster prevention and mitigation;fifth,to carry out timely field research and weather processes review for accurate service decision-making. Further,we proposed three suggestions for northward typhoons decision-making meteorological services. First,important time node should be grasped and key typhoon facts and forecast information should be reported in an orderly way;second,special products should be provided according to the special time and local conditions;third,technology research on typhoon disaster impact assessment should be strengthened to support effective decision-making meteorological services for typhoon.
作者
赵慧霞
向欣
王维国
李建平
延昊
ZHAO Huixia;XIANG Xin;WANG Weiguo;LI Jianping;YAN Hao(National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China;Jilin Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Changchun 130000,China)
出处
《防灾科技学院学报》
2021年第2期54-61,共8页
Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项资助(2019YFC1510204)。
关键词
东北地区
台风
影响
决策气象服务
Northeast China
typhoon
impacts
meteorological service for decision-making
