摘要
用1949～2001年我国台风大风实测纪录对此期间台风引起的大风进行研究,具体分析了台风引起的6级及以上、8级及以上大风的频数,和大风风速的平均值、极端最大值的分布特征,并对台风登陆的地段、季节对上述要素的影响和台风登陆前、后上述要素的变化做了进一步分析。结果表明:在引起我国境内大风天气的台风中,有62%在我国登陆;而登陆我国的台风中,有89%会引起大风过程。台风引起的我国境内大风主要出现在东南沿海,等频数线几乎与海岸线平行,向内陆急剧减小,在杭州湾以北地区较少出现8级以上的台风大风,而极端最大风速与大风频数有类似的分布;在华南登陆的台风引起的大风频数明显高于华东和华北,华东又高于华北,引起的大风风速的大值区与登陆地段较为一致;登陆台风在4～8月间逐渐增多,引起的大风范围逐步向北推进,在9～11月间登陆台风逐渐减少,大风范围逐步往南消退;台风登陆前引起的大风主要集中在沿海地带,登陆后台风大风出现范围明显扩大。
This work investigates strong wind which is caused by typhoon in China using observational record from 1949 to 2001. It particularly analyzes frequencies of strong wind at level 6 or above and level 8 or above, distribution of average wind velocity and its maximum value caused by typhoon. The study also presents the effect of intensity, location, season on the above factors when typhoon lands and the variation of those factors before and after the landing. The result shows that 62 % of the typhoons landing in China can cause strong wind. The strong wind mainly occurs along the southeast coast of China, with the equivalent frequency line almost parallel with the coast. It decreases rapidly inside the land with the wind velocity and there are less strong wind above level 8 or above in the north of Hangzhou bay. The frequency of strong wind caused by landfall typhoon in South China is remarkably higher than those in East China and North China while the former is higher than the latter. The high value area of strong wind is consistent with the landing area of typhoon. The range of strong wind caused by landfall typhoon gradually increases northward from April to August and decreases southward from September to November. The wind is mainly focused on the coast areas before typhoon landing and the range expands substantially after landing.
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期633-642,共10页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
国家科技部社会公益性重点项目专题"华东台风登陆前大风分布研究"资助
关键词
台风大风
登陆台风
大风频数
strong wind of typhoon
landfall typhoon
frequency of strong wind
