摘要
本文探讨了精英分裂与领袖成就动机诱发的战略透支现象,发现领袖成就动机致使战略目标僵化,精英分裂引发战略手段低效甚至是逆转与波动造成无效,浪费战略资源投入,最终诱发战略透支。本文以北宋中后期拓边西北的政策为例来检验以上观点的可信性。在这个案例中,宋神宗与宋哲宗的成就动机致使北宋富国强兵与对外扩张的目标僵化,新旧党争导致的精英分裂导致拓边政策低效甚至逆转与波动,进而导致战略资源浪费,最终使宋神宗、宋哲宗两代出现了严重的战略透支现象,这一现象也没有得以及时修正,最终使得北宋国力衰弱而在女真崛起的攻伐下走向灭亡。
This paper explores the causes of strategic overdraftofthe pre-modern countries.On the basis of systematic discussion of strategic overdraft of the governments of middle and late Northern Song Dynasty,this paper,basing on political psychology,illustrates the causal relationship between strategic overdraft on one hand and elites’division and leaders’achievement motivation on the other hand.It argues that when the leaders failed to adjust their motivation,or the elites failed to unify,a waste of strategic resources and eventually a strategic overdraft would be resulted.This paper uses the process tracing method to examine the northwestern expansion strategy of the governments in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty.It finds that the achievement motivation of Shenzong and Zhezong made richening the country,strengthening the army and expanding abroad rigid goals of their government,together with the division of political elites,inefficient or even set-backpolicies were resulted.As such behaviors were not corrected in time,the Northern Song Dynasty gradually deteriorated and was eventually destroyed by Nuzhen.
作者
张一帆
马荣久
Zhang Yifan;Ma Rongjiu
出处
《战略决策研究》
2021年第4期22-57,103,104,共38页
Journal of Strategy and Decision-Making
关键词
成就动机
精英分裂
战略透支
Leader’s Achievement motivation
Elite division
Strategy overdraft
