摘要
汉语普通话中,位于句末的“了_(2)”是事态助词。从本质上来看,它的语法意义是表示“事态或状态的变化”;在具体语境下,它也可以解读为“时体功能”“主观性”与“肯定”等意义。“了_(2)”的语用意义主要有表示“情感”“评价功能”和“提供新信息”。由于事态助词“了_(2)”主要是表示“变化”义,因此,它不能与表示永久、动作行为进行或事态持续、否定动作行为发生的副词等共现。
The sentence-final particle“le_(2)(了_(2))”is an aspectual particle.Its core grammatical meaning is the change of situation or state.Under certain context,it can be interpreted as to express tense and aspect,subjectivity,and certainty.Expressing one’s emotion,evaluating something,and providing new information are pragmatic meanings of“le_(2)(了_(2))”.The meaning relevant to the speech time is the meaning of most sentences in conversations rather than the meaning that is unique to“le_(2)(了_(2))”.“Le_(2)(了_(2))”cannot co-occur with the time adverbs that mean permanence,the time adverbs that represent the inchoative or ongoing stage of an action/event,the time adverbs that negate the occurrence of an action/event,as well as the structures that express the simultaneous progress of two actions/events since its core grammatical meaning is contradicted with these adverbs and structures.
作者
陈李军
王芳芳
Chen Lijun;Wang Fangfang(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420;College of Applied Science and Technology,Hainan University,Danzhou 571737,China)
出处
《现代语文》
2021年第3期25-30,共6页
Modern Chinese
基金
广东外语外贸大学研究生科研创新项目“学龄前高功能自闭症儿童语音短时记忆能力研究”(20GWCXXM-01)。
关键词
“了_(2)”
句末助词
事态助词
变化
“le_(2)(了_(2))”
sentence-final
particle
aspectual particle
change
