摘要
【目的】研究催芽、覆盖物对楤木种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,为六盘山楤木播种繁育和幼苗生长选择合适的催芽方法和覆盖材料提供理论依据。【方法】以六盘山楤木种子为试验材料,采用低温沙藏+高温催芽、室温沙藏+高温催芽、低温冷冻沙藏+高温催芽和低温沙藏4种催芽方法,研究这4种催芽方法下六盘山楤木种子萌发率差异;播种后采用胡麻草、玉米秸秆、落叶松针叶或不覆盖,对比研究4种处理下六盘山楤木种子出苗率、苗高和叶片数差异。【结果】在0℃环境下沙藏150 d后转到25℃环境中继续沙藏30 d,种子萌发率最高,为84.7%,其余依次为处理室温沙藏+高温催芽、低温冷冻沙藏+高温催芽和低温沙藏,三者萌发率分别为72.7%、68.7%和50.0%。覆盖物对楤木幼苗生长的影响采用完全随机区组试验设计,玉米秸秆覆盖的六盘山楤木种子出苗率最高,为74.5%;其余依次为胡麻草、松针和对照,三者出苗率分别为45.6%、43.3%和34.4%。胡麻草覆盖苗高最高,为23.0 cm,其余依次为玉米秸秆、对照和松针,三者苗高分别为13.9、7.1和6.4 cm。胡麻草覆盖的幼苗叶片数最高,为7.7枚·株^(-1),其余依次为玉米秸秆、对照和松针,三者叶片数分别为4.9、4.3和3.7枚·株^(-1)。【结论】六盘山楤木种子萌发以0℃下沙藏150 d后继续在25℃下沙藏30 d为宜,播种后以玉米秸秆覆盖出苗率高,以胡麻草覆盖促进幼苗生长效果好。
【Objective】To investigate the effects of accelerating germination and mulching on the germination and seedling growth of Aralia chinensis,and to provide theoretical basis for selecting suitable methods and covering materials during the breeding and growth of A.chinensis.【Method】The germination rate of A.chinensis seeds was evaluated using four germination methods:low temperature sand storage+high temperature germination,room temperature sand storage+high temperature germination,low temperature frozen sand storage+high temperature germination and low temperature sand storage.After sowing,covering with flax grass,corn straw,larch needles,or no covers to compare the differences in seed emergence rate,seedling height and leaf number of A.chinensis.【Result】The highest germination rate was 84.7%when the seeds were stored in 0℃ for 150 days and then transferred to 25℃ for 30 days.Germination rates of the other treatments such as room temperature sand storage+high temperature germination,low temperature frozen sand storage+high temperature germination and low temperature sand storage were 72.7%,68.7%and 50.0%,respectively.The effect of mulching on the growth of A.chinensis seedlings was designed by a complete randomized experiment.The emergence rate of A.chinensis seeds was the highest covered with corn straw(74.5%),while those with flax grass,pine needles and control were 45.6%,43.3%and 34.4%,respectively.The highest seedling height was 23.0 cm with flax grass,and those with corn straw,control and pine needles were 13.9,7.1 and 6.4 cm,respectively.The number of leaves of the seedlings covered with flax grass was the highest with 7.7 pieces·plant_(-1),and the rest were corn straw,control and pine needles,respectively,with 4.9,4.3 and 3.7 pieces·plant_(-1),respectively.【Conclusion】The best germination approach for A.chinensis in Liupan Mountains is storing seeds in sand at 0℃for 150 days and then at 25℃for 30 days.The germination rate of A.chinensis is higher when the seeds are covered with corn
作者
佘萍
余治家
马杰
贾宝光
王正安
SHE Ping;YU Zhijia;MA Jie;JIA Baoguang;WANG Zheng’an(Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Guyuan 756000,Ningxia,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第2期244-250,共7页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
固原市科技计划项目“特色林木资源引种驯化、繁育和栽培技术研究”(2020GYKYF017)
宁夏农林科学院科技平台建设提升项目“六盘山野生林木资源圃资源收集保存与驯化”(NKYP-19-17)
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“宁南山区特色林木培育及多功能近自然林营造技术示范推广”(〔2021〕8号)。
关键词
六盘山
楤木
催芽
覆盖
生长
Liupan Mountains
Aralia chinensis
germination
covering
growth
