文化资本视角下土族绣娘的非遗传承与实践赋能研究被引量：6

Empowerment of Practice and Intangible Cultural Heritage as Cultural Capital:A Study on the Tu Embroideress

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摘要近年来,随着民族地区旅游业的发展和非遗热的兴起,土族刺绣逐渐演变成商品,从地方性的传统技艺变成了该地区重要的文化产业之一。本文以青海河湟地区土族刺绣的女性省级传承人为个案,通过田野调查,关注非遗传承人身份的获得给土族绣娘带来的社会参与和实践的过程,并从文化资本的视角探讨社会变迁对少数民族女性社会角色的赋能问题。研究发现,民族文化资源在特定场域具有转化为经济资本和社会资本的能力,并最终影响到个体在社会秩序中的位置,从而提高其社会地位。而不同场域中的女性非遗传承人,通过传统刺绣所进行的社会与经济活动,受民族文化资源的市场运作及各种形式资本转化的影响。与此同时,在非遗传承的实践行动中,土族绣娘的主体能动性也对各类资本的相互转化起着重要的作用。 With the development of tourism and flouring of intangible culture heritage in ethnic areas,as an example of this process,the embroidery of the Tu ethnic group gradually evolved from a local traditional technique to an important income-generating cultural industry for the region.This paper is a case study of the woman who is the major representative of Tu embroidery in the Hehuang area of Qinghai Province.I carried out field research focusing on how this woman acquired the status of the provincial representative of intangible cultural heritage,I examine also the process of social participation in this undertaking of Tu embroidery.I explore how embroidery can be used for the empowerment of minority women via the emergence of their new social role as promoters of cultural capital.The study documents how a traditional ethnic cultural resource,such as embroidery,can be transformed into economic and social capital.A woman’s involvement in the display of ethnic embroidery ultimately affects her position in the social order,for example,by raising her social status.At the same time,the social and economic activities of female participants in different fields besides embroidery are also mediated by the operation of market forces on ethnic cultural resources via their transformation into income-generating resources.Finally,in addition to the objective economic dimensions of the display of Intangible Cultural Heritage,there are subjective dimensions to female ethnic embroidery that go beyond the simple transformation of ethnic heritage into an income-generating resource.

作者邢海燕谭雪一 Xing Hai-yan;Tan Xue-yi

机构地区上海师范大学社会学系上海师范大学

出处《青海民族大学学报（社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第1期101-109,共9页 Journal of Qinghai Minzu University：Social Sciences

基金国家社会科学基金项目“西北人口较少民族的民间宗教研究”(项目编号:17BMZ047) 上海师范大学文科创新团队项目(项目编号:310-AC7031-20-004123)的阶段性研究成果。

关键词民族文化资本土族女性非遗传承人实践与赋权 Ethnic Cultural Capital Tu Ethnic Group Female Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritor Practice and Empowerment

分类号 C953 [社会学—民族学]