摘要
商事留置权是留置权的特别规定,目前关于商事留置权的立法模式因民商分立与民商合一的立法体例不同而不同。我国《民法典》关于商事留置权并没有明确的界定。我国商事留置权的规定过于简单,对主体与客体的范围限制过多,不利于商事活动的开展。商事留置权的主体应扩大到企业以外个体工商户、农村承包经营户等,其客体可以是动产和有价证券、船舶与航空器。基于商事活动的效益追求,商事留置权行使期的要求应充分尊重双方当事人合意。虽然商事留置权的宗旨是保护债权,促进商事活动的高效运行,但是在法律有排除性规定,当事人有排除性约定,留置行为违背公序良俗原则时,商事留置权也应排除适用。
Commercial lien is a special provision of lien.Presently,the legislative mode of commercial lien depends on the law pattern of the separation or unification of civil and commercial law.There is no clear definition of commercial lien in Civil Code of the PRC.The provisions of commercial lien in China restrict the scope of legal subject and legal object so much that the development of commercial activities is limited.In addition to enterprises,the subject of commercial lien should be extended to individual industrial and commercial households,rural-land contractual households,etc.The objects of commercial lien can be movable property,negotiable securities,vessels and aircraft.The exercise time of commercial lien should fully respect consensus of parties in pursuit of efficiency in commercial activities.We should set flexible and broad standard for the implicated relation between the property under lien and rights in personam.Although the purpose of the commercial lien is to protect the creditor's rights and promote the efficient operation of commercial activities,it should also be excluded when the law has exclusionary provisions,the parties have exclusionary agreements,and the lien acts offend public order or good morals.
作者
尹嘉祥
雷鑫
YIN Jia-xiang;LEI Xin(School of Political Science and Law, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha Hunan 410004)
出处
《湖南财政经济学院学报》
2021年第3期92-99,共8页
Journal of Hunan University of Finance and Economics
关键词
商事留置权
主体
客体
牵连关系
排除
commercial lien
subject
object
implicated relation
exclusion
