摘要
为防治施工扬尘,同时避免环境二次污染,以单因素试验为基础,进行了黏度、表面张力、保水率、吸水倍率测定试验,从多种功能性原材料中优选出秸秆提取物羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素作为黏结剂和保水剂,Y1和J1作为活性剂和吸水剂。以溶液黏度、pH值、高温失水率、壳体抗压强度、渗透时间为考核指标,设计4因素3水平正交试验,进行抑尘剂各组分优化,制备出一种绿色环保、可降解的秸秆利用型抑尘剂,并在高速公路施工现场进行了中试试验。正交试验结果表明,4种因素的质量浓度对秸秆利用型抑尘剂性能的影响程度大小为:羟乙基纤维素影响最大,J1次之,羟丙基甲基纤维素及Y1的影响最小。当羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、J1、Y1质量浓度分别为0.35%,0.03%,0.05%,0.03%时,秸秆利用型抑尘剂黏度值为106.3 MPa·s,保水率为22.51%,pH值为7.23,抗压强度为79.02 kPa,渗透时间为4.21 min,密度为1.030 g/cm^(3),产品黏度适中,易于喷洒,表面张力较小,符合现行煤炭类抑尘剂产品指标要求。公路现场中试表明,施工现场按照3 L/m^(2)喷洒量喷洒该生物抑尘剂后,4 h即可在表面形成具有邵氏硬度70 HA的外壳,能够有效阻挡雨水和风力的侵蚀作用,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的抑尘率在1 d和7 d分别为91.2%,91.4%及79.2%,77.7%,对施工扬尘有很好的抑制效果。
In order to the prevent and control construction dust,and to avoid secondary pollution,on the basis of single factor experiment,the viscosity,surface tension,water retention rate,and water absorption rate test are carried out.The straw extracts(hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose)are selected from a variety of functional raw materials are selected as adhesive and water retention agent,and Y1 and J1 are used as active agent and water-absorbing agent.Taking the solution viscosity,pH value,high temperature water loss rate,shell compressive strength and infiltration time as the assessment indicators,a 4-factor and 3-level orthogonal test is designed to optimize each component of the dust suppressant.A green,environmentally friendly and degradable straw dust suppressant is prepared,and the middle test is carried out in the construction site of expressway.The orthogonal test result shows that(1)The influence degree of mass concentrations of the 4 factors on the performance of straw utilization type dust depressant is as follows:hydroxyethyl cellulose has the greatest influence,followed by J1,and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and Y1 have the least influence.(2)When the mass concentrations of hydroxyethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,J1 and Y1 are 0.35%,0.03%,0.05%and 0.03%respectively,the viscosity of straw utilization type dust suppression agent is 106.3 MPa·s,and its water retention rate is 22.51%,pH value is 7.23,compressive strength is 79.02 KPa,infiltration time is 4.21 min,and density is 1.030 g/cm.The product has moderate viscosity and low surface tension,which is easy to spray,and meets the current requirements of coal dust suppressants.Highway field middle test result shows that after spraying the biological dust suppressant at the construction site at a spray rate of 3 L/m^(2),the shell with a Shore hardness of 70 HA can be formed on the surface within 4 h,which can effectively block the erosion of rain and wind.The dust suppression rates of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) are 91.2%,91
作者
米永进
赵全胜
杨彦军
MI Yong-jin;ZHAO Quan-sheng;YANG Yan-jun(Beijing-Harbin North Route Branch of Hebei Expressway Group,Zunhua Hebei 064200,China;School of Civil Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018,China;CSCEC Road and Bridge Group Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050001,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期36-44,共9页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
河北省交通运输厅科技计划项目(2018-20)
河北省公路工程绿色施工技术创新中心基金(2020006)。
关键词
道路工程
秸秆利用
生物抑尘剂
正交试验法
羟乙基纤维素
羟丙基甲基纤维素
road engineering
straw utilization
biological dust suppressant
orthogonal test method
hydroxyethyl cellulose
hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
