摘要
1980年以来,我国的儿童保护政策经历了从建立到逐步完善,从“补缺”“兜底”到适度普惠的重要转变。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,对儿童保护也提出了新要求,需要进一步完善政策以更好保护儿童权利。对现有儿童保护政策进行梳理,分析政策特点及不足,是政策完善的基础。通过基本政策工具分类框架,运用内容分析法对儿童保护政策进行分析发现,我国儿童保护政策经过起步、初步发展和全面发展三个阶段,已经建立起较为完善的政策体系。在政策层次和类型上分别以省部级、意见通知类政策为主,而政策工具方面,现有儿童保护政策以管制性工具为主,兼顾经济性和信息性工具,通过各种政策工具的综合运用保障儿童的生存、发展等基本权利,保护儿童健康成长。未来,儿童保护政策的发展应注意政策制定的前瞻性、政策规定的清晰性、政策工具运用的综合性和政策对象的普惠性,从而筑牢儿童安全的屏障。
Since 1980,the children protection policy in China has undergone an important transformation from establishment to gradual enhancement,from“filling gaps”and“helping those most in need”to proper inclusiveness.As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,the children protection should be further enhanced to better protect children’s rights.As such,the current children protection policy,including its characteristics and shortcomings,should be analyzed.With basic policy tools classification framework and content analysis method,this paper analyzes the children protection policy and find that the policy has undergone three stages from start-up to primary development,and to all-around development.A thorough policy system has been established,which,in terms of policy level and type,mainly includes policies of ministerial and provincial-level and policies of opinions and notifications.And in terms of policy tools,the current children protection policy includes regulatory tools as the main part,and economic as well as informative tools.With integrated utilization of various policy tools,children’s rights to survival and development can be guaranteed for their healthy development.In the future development of children protection policy,we should attach importance to the forecast of formulation,the clearness of stipulation,the integration of utilization of policy tools,and the inclusiveness for the policy objects.
作者
亓迪
曹慧萍
QI Di;CAO Hui-ping(School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)
出处
《山东行政学院学报》
2021年第2期88-97,共10页
Journal of Shandong Academy of Governance
关键词
儿童保护政策
内容分析法
政策工具
content analysis method
children protection policy
policy tools
