摘要
目的比较上海市毕业班和非毕业班中学生抑郁症状流行状况,分析其影响因素,为有针对性地开展学校心理健康干预提供理论依据。方法采取分层整群抽样法,于2018年9月至2019年3月对上海市某区公立学校和民办学校的4959名中学生(毕业班1182名和非毕业班3777名)进行儿童抑郁量表和自编一般情况问卷调查。结果中学生抑郁症状总体检出率为17.4%,其中毕业班(初三和高三)抑郁症状检出率为21.9%,非毕业班(初中预备、一、二年级,高中一、二年级)为16.1%;初中、高中阶段的毕业班抑郁症状检出率分别为20.3%、26.1%,明显高于非毕业班的15.4%、17.2%,而高中毕业班、非毕业班抑郁症状检出率明显高于初中毕业班和非毕业班,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);民办学校、公立学校毕业班抑郁症状检出率分别为36.3%、20.4%,明显高于非毕业班的18.4%、15.8%,民办学校毕业班和非毕业班抑郁症状检出率明显高于公立学校,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);毕业班中学生的抑郁总分及负性情绪、快感缺乏、低效感、低自尊和人际问题等因子分高于非毕业班学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析发现,学习成绩差、同伴关系差、单亲家庭是毕业班学生抑郁情绪的危险因素(P<0.05),收入中等的家庭是其保护因素(P<0.05);学习成绩差、同伴关系差、亲子间不沟通、父母不和睦和离异是非毕业班学生抑郁情绪的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论上海市毕业班中学生抑郁检出率高,尤其是民办学校;毕业班中学生的抑郁严重程度高于非毕业班;毕业班和非毕业班中学生抑郁的影响因素不尽相同,存在差异。
Objective To compare the prevalence of depression symptoms in graduating and non-graduating middle school students,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide theoretical basis for targeted mental health intervention in schools.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,a total of 4959 middle school students,including 1182 graduating students and 3777 non-graduating students,were selected from public schools and private schools in a district of Shanghai to participate in the on-site questionnaire survey from September 2018 to March 2019.Children’s Depression Inventory and a self-designed questionnaire were used for survey.Results The detection rate of subjects over CDI cut-off point was 17.4%,with 21.9%for graduating middle school students and 16.1%for non-graduating middle school students.The detection rates of depressive symptoms of junior high school and high school graduating class students were 20.3%and 26.1%,respectively,which were both higher than 15.4%of junior high school non-graduating class students and 17.2%of high school non-graduating class students(P<0.05).The detection rates of depressive symptoms of high school graduating class and non-graduating class students were both higher than those of junior high school graduating class and non-graduating class students(P<0.05).The detection rate of depressive symptoms in graduating middle school students of private and public schools were 36.3%and 20.4%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 18.4%of non-graduating middle school students in private schools and 15.8%of non-graduating middle school students in public schools(P<0.05).The detection rate of depressive symptoms in graduating and non-graduating classes of private schools were significantly higher than those of public schools,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of depression,negative mood,anhedonia,ineffectiveness,negative self-esteem,and interpersonal problems of middle school students in the graduating class were all higher than
作者
张喜燕
孙喜蓉
胡建军
李欣
郭红云
严彩英
王菲
朱娜
ZHANG Xi-yan;SUN Xi-rong;HU Jian-jun;LI Xin;GUO Hong-yun;YAN Cai-ying;WANG Fei;ZHU Na(Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center,Tongaji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200124,CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
CAS
2021年第6期802-806,共5页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项资金医疗卫生项目(编号:PKJ2017-Y67)
上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会学科建设计划重点学科建设基金(编号:PWZxk2017-29)
上海市浦东新区医学临床高原学科建设项目(编号:PWYgy2018-10)。
关键词
上海
中学生
毕业班
非毕业班
抑郁症状
影响因素
调查
Shanghai
Middle school students
Graduating
Non-graduating
Depressive symptom
Influencing factors
Investigation
