摘要
目的:了解湖南省岳阳县青少年抑郁症状和抑郁症的发生情况及其特征。方法:抽取湖南省岳阳县11～19岁具有代表性的青少年样本2731人,采用两阶段调查法。第一阶段应用流调用抑郁量表(CES-D)筛查抑郁症状;第二阶段对CES-D总分≥20分的青少年采用学龄期儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症问卷(K-SADS)访谈,以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-IV)为标准做出抑郁症诊断。结果:①抑郁症状发生率为22.81%,其中14～15岁(24.71%)、16～19岁(24.92%)年龄段高于11～13岁(20.17%,P<0.05),16～19岁年龄段女性(29.35%)高于男性(21.17%,P<0.05);单亲家庭青少年(30.97%)高于双亲(23.32%)和大家庭(20.36%,Ps<0.05);②抑郁症时点患病率为2.26%,其中14～15岁(2.89%)、16～19岁(3.45%)年龄段高于11～13岁(1.00%,P<0.01),16～19岁年龄段女性(5.95%)高于男性(1.39%,P<0.01)。结论:在岳阳县青少年中抑郁症状和抑郁症以14岁为界,呈现显著上升现象,16岁后出现性别差异,家庭环境与抑郁的发生有关。
Objective： The present study investigated the prevalence of dysphoria and major depression disorder（MDD） in adolescents in Yueyang county of Hunan Province. Methods： Two-phase surveys were taken. A representative sample of 2731 adolescents aged from 11 to 19 years at intake was assessed for dysphoria by Center for Epidemiological Studies De- pression Scale（CES-D） firstly. Then the adolescents whose CES-D scores were equal Or above 20 were interviewed for MDD utilizing the Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-age Children（K-SADS） and the diagnosis of MDD was made based on the criteria of DSM-IV. Results： （1）The prevalence of dysphoria averaged 22.81%. The preva- lence was higher in adolescents both aged from 14 to 15 years（24.71%） and 16 from to 19 years（24.92%） than adolescents aged from 11 to 13 years（20.17%, P〈0.05）., and the prevalence in females（29.35%） was higher than males（21.17%, P〈0.05） aged from 16 to 19 year. Further, the depression prevalence was higher in adolescents from single-parent famihes（30.97%） than adolescents from two-parents families（23.32%） and big families（20.36%, P〈0.05） as well. （2）The time-point preva- lence of MDD averaged 2.26%. The time-point prevalence of MDD was higher in adolescents both aged from 14 to 15 years （2.89%） and from 16 to 19 years（3.45%） than adolescents aged from 11 to 13 years（1.00%, P〈0.01）, and in females（5.95%） than in males（1.39%, P〈0.01） aged from 16 to 19 years. Conclusion： Depression is a common mental health problem in ad- olescents in Yueyang county. The prevalence of depression rises sharply in the time point of 14 years old and the difference in gender presents after age 16 years old. Family Environment is a risk factor of depression in adolescents.
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期937-941,共5页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
基金
湖南省自然科学基金项目(11JJ3027)
湖南省教育科学规划重点课题项目(XJK011AXL002)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(81000587)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31171003)资助
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20100162120048)
关键词
青少年
抑郁症状
抑郁症
流行病学调查
Adolescents
Dysphoria
Major depression disorder
Epidemiology research
