摘要
数据跨境流动为数字经济发展带来新的增长和机会,但无序的数据跨境流动可能损害国家安全、公共利益、企业利益和数据主体权益。在经济全球化日趋深化的背景下,部分发达国家已经开启了数据跨境流动的法律实践。典型的如美国主导的《美墨加协定》(USMCA)数字贸易一章、美国与欧盟达成的《欧盟-美国隐私盾协议》(EU-U.S. Privacy Shield)、欧盟的《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR),这三部规范中有关数据跨境流动的规则,为数据跨境共享提供了制度示范。我国应当借鉴国际上这些关于数据跨境流动管控的成熟机制,并结合本国的数据保护实践,从建立数据分类审核制度、强化技术安全建设、完善数据主体权利和相关主体责任、丰富合法渠道、加强国际合作等多个维度出发,构建起收放协调的数据跨境流动法律监管机制,实现数据出境治理与经济增长需求的激励相容。
Data cross-border flow brings new growth and opportunities for the development of digital economy, but disorderly cross-border data flow may damage national security, public interests, enterprise interests and the rights and interests of data subjects. Under the background of deepening economic globalization, some developed countries have started the legislation practice of cross-border data flow. Typical examples include the chapter on digital trade of USMCA led by the United States, the EU-U.S. privacy shield agreement between the United States and the European Union, and the general data protection regulation (GPDR) of the European Union. The rules on cross-border data flow in these three specifications provide institutional demonstration for the realization of crossborder data sharing. China should learn from the mature mechanisms of international data cross-border flow control, and combine with the domestic data protection practice, from the establishment of data classification review system, strengthening the construction of technical security, improving the rights and responsibilities of data subjects, enriching legal channels, strengthening international cooperation and other dimensions, to build a coordinated legal supervision of data cross-border flow Mechanism to realize the compatibility of data outbound governance and economic growth demand.
作者
马其家
李晓楠
MA Qijia;LI Xiaonan
出处
《法治研究》
CSSCI
2021年第1期91-101,共11页
Research on Rule of Law
