摘要
近年来,大数据、云计算、人工智能、区块链等新兴技术的应用不仅重塑了全球经济发展模式,也引发了潜在的隐私安全风险,给各国网络治理带来全新挑战。文章首先回顾了新兴技术对数字政府建设的机遇与挑战,并以此切入,介绍了2016年欧盟通过的最严数据保护法《通用数据保护条例》(General Data Protection Regulation,简称GDPR)的主要内容。其次,剖析了GDPR在数据定义、数据主体权利、数据处理相关责任方、数据泄漏事故处理制度等各项内容上相较《数据保护指令》(Data Protective Directive,DPD)的新变化。再次,探讨了GDPR对于数字政府中政府数据界定、数据管理、政企信息共享及网络空间的影响。最后,指出了GDPR对我国数字政府建设的启示、对完善我国相关法律的借鉴意义及对社会数据管理的若干对策与建议,希望为我国的数据治理提供有益参考。
In recent years,the application of emerging technologies such as big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,and blockchain has not only reshaped the global economic development paradigm,but also led to potential privacy and security risks,posing new challenges to cyber governance in various countries.This paper first reviews the opportunities and challenges of emerging technologies for the construction of digital government,and introduces the main contents of the General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR),which is the strictest data protection law adopted by the European Union in 2016.Secondly,this paper analyzes the new changes of GDPR compared with the Data Protection Directive(DPD)in terms of data definition,data subject rights,parties responsible for data processing,and data breach handling system.Furthermore,this paper discusses the impact of GDPR on the definition of government data,data management,government-enterprises information sharing and cyberspace governance.Lastly,this paper concludes by pointing out the inspirations of GDPR on the construction of China's digital government,the reference significance to improve China's relevant laws and some policy suggestions on social data management,which provides some useful references on the future data governance in China.
作者
丁立江
王鹏
Ding Lijiang;Wang Peng(Administration and Management Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing,102208;Beijing Academy of Social Science,Beijing,100101)
出处
《科技智囊》
2021年第3期38-45,共8页
Think Tank of Science & Technology
