摘要
崩滑堰塞湖是山区一种常见的地质灾害,溃决后可能造成下游人民生命财产的巨大损失。围绕崩滑堰塞湖的形成-孕灾-致灾过程,对其灾害链的形成机理和模拟方法进行了分析研究。以崩滑堰塞湖的形成过程和堰塞体的颗粒分布特征为切入点,建立了堰塞体稳定性快速评价方法,总结了堰塞体的冲蚀特性和溃决过程,提出了崩滑堰塞湖溃决过程数值模拟方法。该灾害链模拟方法基于崩滑堰塞湖的形成和溃决机理,综合考虑了堰塞体的形态特征、颗粒组成、材料冲蚀特性和堰塞湖的水动力条件,可对堰塞体的稳定性、堰塞湖的溃决洪水流量过程和溃口演化规律进行分析计算,是一种科学高效的模拟方法。选择21世纪我国3个典型的崩滑堰塞湖案例验证了灾害链模拟方法的合理性,可为风险评估提供参考。
Landslide dammed lake is a common geological disaster in mountainous area,which may bring great loss to life and property of the people in downstream area after its breaching.Focus on the process of forming,disaster-pregnant and disaster-causing,the formation mechanism and simulation method of the disaster chain for dammed lake were studied.Based on the formation process of landslide dammed lake and the grain size distribution characteristics of landslide dam,a rapid evaluation method for the stability of landslide dam was established.Further,the erosion characteristics and breach process of landslide dam were summarized,then a numerical simulation method for the breach process of landslide dammed lake was proposed.Based on the formation and breach mechanisms of landslide dammed lake and considering the morphology,particle composition,erosion characteristics of landslide dam and the hydrodynamic conditions of dammed lake,the disaster chain simulation method was a scientific and efficient tool to analyze the landslide dam stability,the flood hydrograph and the breaching evolution rule.Three typical landslide dammed lake cases in the 21st Century in China was used to testify the rationality of simulation method,which proved that the simulation method can provide a reference for the risk assessment.
作者
钟启明
钱亚俊
单熠博
ZHONG Qiming;QIAN Yajun;SHAN Yibo(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Key Laboratory of Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques of Earth-Rock Dam,Ministry of Water Resources,Nanjing 210029,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2021年第2期90-98,共9页
Yangtze River
基金
国家重点研发计划课题项目(2018YFC1508604)
国家自然科学基金项目(51779153)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(Y319003,Y320005)。
关键词
崩滑堰塞湖
堰塞体
颗粒组成
溃决机理
溃决过程
数值模拟
稳定性快速评价
landslide dammed lake
disaster chain
particle composition
breach mechanism
breach process
numerical simulation
rapid evaluation on stability
