摘要
本研究旨在比较分析益生菌制剂和抗生素对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)非特异性免疫及肠道微生物的影响。以初始平均体质量为(2.2±0.1) g的凡纳滨对虾为试验材料,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复100尾虾。对照组(C0)投喂基础饲料,试验组分别投喂添加0.5%益生菌制剂(E1)和抗生素土霉素(E2)的试验饲料,通过生物化学、高通量测序方法检测对虾血清非特异性免疫功能及肠道微生物菌群结构变化。试验周期为14天。结果显示,益生菌制剂E1组对虾血清酸性磷酸酶ACP、过氧化物酶POD活性显著提高(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶GPT、谷草转氨酶GOT活性降低,而抗生素E2组效果反之;E2组土霉素对血清总抗氧化能力T-AOC活性产生显著增强作用,但效果短暂,随时间延长,活性发生骤降。E1组益生菌制剂显著增强对虾肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),而E2组土霉素降低3种消化酶活性。E1组益生菌制剂可优化肠道微生物菌群结构,变形菌门Proteobacteria、放线菌门Actinobacteria、疣微菌门Verrucomicrobia和Candidatus Saccharibacteria丰度增加,E2组放线菌门Actinobacteria、Candidatus Saccharibacteria和拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes丰度稍有增加。0.5%益生菌制剂对凡纳滨对虾非特异性免疫功能及肠道微生物均产生了积极效应,且效果优于抗生素土霉素,适合作为免疫增强剂或饲料添加剂在凡纳滨对虾养殖中应用。
This study is conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics and antibiotic on non-specific immune and intestinal microbiome of Litopenaeus vannamei.L.vannamei with an average body weight of(2.2 ±0.1) g were randomly divided into three groups, 3 repeats in each group and 100 shrimp in each repeat.The control group was fed with basic diet(C0), the experimental groups were fed with 0.5% probiotic preparation(E1) and 0.5% antibiotic oxytetracycline(E2), respectively.The non-specific immune function of serum and composition of intestinal microbiome in L.vannamei were detected by biochemistry and high-throughput sequencing methods.The experiment lasted 14 days.The results showed that the activities of ACP and POD in the serum of E1 were significantly increased(P<0.05), the activities of GOT and GPT were reduced.But these effects in E2 antibiotic group were opposite.Antibiotics oxytetracycline enhanced the activity of T-AOC in the serum of L.vannamei significantly, but the effect was short, the activity dropped sharply when time went on.Probiotics had improved significantly activities of digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, trypsin in the intestine of L.vannamei(P<0.05), and those in antibiotic group were lower.And probiotics could optimize the composition of intestinal microbiome, the abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Candidatus Saccharibacteria were increased in E1 group, while the abundances of Actinobacteria, Candidatus Saccharibacteria and Bacteroidetes were increased slightly in E2 group.Therefore, 0.5% probiotics has positive effects on non-specific immune function and intestinal microbiome of L.vannamei, and the effects are better than those of oxytetracycline, which is suitable for using as an immunostimulants and feed-additives in the aquaculture of L.vannamei.
作者
樊英
王晓璐
王友红
刘洪军
刁菁
李乐
王淑娴
于晓清
盖春蕾
叶海斌
许拉
穆川川
马星坤
Fan Ying;Wang Xiaolu;Wang Youhong;Liu Hongjun;Diao Jing;Li Le;Wang Shuxian;Yu Xiaoqing;Gai Chunlei;Ye Haibin;Xu La;Mu Chuanchuan;Ma Xingkun(Shandong Province Key Laboratory for Disease Control in Mariculture,Key Laboratory of Benthic Fisheries Aquaculture and Enhancement,Qingdao,Qingdao Shandong 266104;Marine and Fisheries Bureau of Beihai Binzhou Shandong,Binzhou Shandong 251907)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第33期138-146,共9页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家虾蟹产业技术体系青岛试验站(CARS-48)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系虾蟹类产业创新团队首席岗位和养殖岗位(SDAIT-13)
山东省2018年度农业重大应用技术创新项目。
