摘要
通过研究认为,白马藏人的面具舞,既不是"傩舞",也不是"十二相舞",白马藏族的面具舞与苯教平和威猛经《■》内容密切相关。白马藏人的面具舞是苯教平和威猛经的活态版本,是苯教平和威猛经的活态民俗演绎。苯教《平和威猛经大全》第32章就是这种面具舞蹈的专门篇章。认为这种面具舞的角色系始祖父母的化身,分男性神明角色与女性神明角色,完整版共计86种形象,兽首烈女版共计28种形象,简洁版共计男女2种形象。表演这种面具舞的目的是为了鼓励人们活着的时候树立正确的生死观,培养积极化解临终幻觉引起的死亡恐惧的心理能力。
From the perspective of geography,there is a group of people found in the eastern part of the Minshan Mountains on the southeastern of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.They are known as the Baima Tibetans,and arelocated along the border between Sichuan and Gansu Provinces in China,near the Chengdu Plain.The Baima Tibetans,also known as the Baima people,now live in Wen and Zhouqu counties in Gansu Province,and in Jiuzhaigou,Pingwu and Songpan counties in Sichuan Province.According to 2015 statistics,their population is about 20,000,they speak a local dialect of Tibetan as their mother tongue,and the majority of the population practices the Bon religion.The name“Baima”is the term used in Chinese historical texts.This name can be traced back to the Western Han period in the section titled the“Southwest Barbarians”in the Records of the Historian(shiji•xinanyi liezhuang).In the Tibetan language they are known“Tabu”.A popular dance performed by Baima Tibetans is known in Chinese as the“Baima Tibetan Masked Dance”.For a long time,academic circles have paid attention to the study of the masked dance of the Baima Tibetans.Some have interpreted it from the perspective of the Nuo dance,while others have interpreted it from the perspective of the twelve zodiac signs.However,our research proves that the masked dance of the Baima Tibetans is neither Nuo dance nor is it a dance of the twelve zodiac signs,but instead is closely related to the content of Benjiao Pinghe Weimeng Jing(The Bon Peace and Mighty Sutra),a Bon text.If it is understood in accordance with Benjiao Pinghe Weimeng Jing,the masked dance of the Baima Tibetans is,in fact,a living and concise version of the folkloric interpretation of the choreographed masked dance of Benjiao Pinghe Weimeng Jing.This idea that the masked dance of the Baima Tibetans is a dance of the Bon Sutra will be argued in the following ways:1)We went to Baima Tibetan areas twice in 2019 to conduct field surveys and acquired a lot of first-hand information.We fully took into acco
作者
同美
益卓
泽让桑周
Tong Mei;Yi Zuo;Zerang Sangzhou(Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China;Brunel University London,UK)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期141-148,184,185,共10页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏苯教通论”(17ZDA234)
西南民族大学研究生学位点建设项目(2019XWD-B0304)阶段性成果。
