摘要
目前北极治理呈现“门罗主义”特征,即北极圈国家在主导北极治理的过程中推崇“北极是北极国家的北极”的理念,并通过制度安排将“门罗主义”理念确立在北极理事会、北极经济理事会等北极治理机制中。北极气候环境变化在全球范围内产生深刻影响,北极治理全球性需求与“门罗主义”主导北极治理现状之间的矛盾日益凸显。始于2016年的北极科学部长级会议作为北极科学领域的新机制,为世界各国、国际组织与科学团体等相关行为体参与北极科学合作提供平等的交流平台,促进北极事务决策者和科学界的“直接沟通”,具有超越北极治理中的“门罗主义”特征的潜力。中国应通过北极科学部长级会议积极参与国际北极科学合作,提升中国参与北极治理的影响力和话语权,并适时助力北极科学部长级会议由北极科学事务的推动者转变为决策者,消解“门罗主义”北极治理对北极圈以外国家的边缘化和制度性歧视。
Current Arctic governance presents the characteristics of "Monroe Doctrine" that Arctic states promote the idea of "the Arctic belongs to Arctic states" in leading the governance progress in the Arctic,and embed the idea of "Monroe Doctrine" through the institutional arrangements,such as the Arctic Council,the Arctic Economic Council,and other Arctic governance regimes.However,climate and environmental changes in the Arctic have a profoundly global impact.The contradiction between the demand the global governance in the Arctic and the dominating "Monroe Doctrine" in current Arctic governance has become increasingly prominent.The Arctic Science Ministerial,established in 2016,is a new regime in the field of Arctic science.It provides an equal exchange platform for countries,international organizations,scientific groups,and other relevant actors to participate in Arctic science cooperation and promote "direct communication" between decision-makers and the scientific community on Arctic affairs,bearing the potential to transcend "Monroe Doctrine" in the Arctic governance.China should actively participate in the international Arctic science cooperation through the Arctic Science Ministerial Conference and enhance China’s influence and discourse power in Arctic governance.China can also consider to properly contribute to the Arctic Science Ministerial shifting from a promoter to a decision-maker in the Arctic science cooperation,thereby avoiding marginalization and institutionalized discrimination by the "Monroe Doctrine" in the Arctic governance against countries outside the Arctic.
作者
潘敏
徐理灵
PAN Min;XU Liling(Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Royal Holloway,University of London,Egham TW200EX,UK)
出处
《太平洋学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期92-100,共9页
Pacific Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项“极地地缘政治风险与我国参与国际治理政策问题研究”(2019YFC1408205)的子课题“新时期我国参与极地治理研究”的中期成果
国家留学基金委“国际区域问题研究及外语高层次人才培养项目”(留金欧[2019]208号)阶段性成果。
