摘要
通过分析某煤柴油加氢装置高压换热器(E-104)管束失效案例,初步判断系统存在铵盐垢下腐蚀风险。建立了反应流出物系统的仿真模型,由此分别计算失效换热器管程、壳程发生铵盐结晶的风险,结果表明:所研究系统中不存在NH 4HS结晶风险;系统铵盐结晶温度随腐蚀性元素含量的提高稍有提高;在原工况、新工况下,热高压分离气系统的NH 4Cl结晶温度分别为177℃和181℃,冷低压分离油系统的NH 4Cl结晶温度分别为178℃和182℃;在原工况操作条件下,E-104的管、壳程均存在NH 4Cl结晶的风险。通过正交试验确定各因素对NH 4Cl结晶温度的影响程度由高到低的顺序为:Cl元素含量>N元素含量>系统气相流量>系统操作压力,并进一步得到NH 4Cl结晶温度随Cl、N含量的变化规律,利用此规律进行预测将大大提高对NH 4Cl结晶温度的预测效率。
The failure cases of the E-104 tube bundles was analyzed and preliminarily judged that the system had corrosion under the ammonium salt scale.Then a simulation model of the reaction effluent system was established through software simulation.The risk of ammonium salt crystallization in the tube side and shell side of the failed heat exchanger was calculated.It was found that there was no risk of NH 4HS salt formation in the studied system.The ammonium salt crystallization temperature of the system increased slightly with the increase of the content of corrosive elements.The crystallization temperature of NH 4Cl in the hot high gas separation system in the original working condition and under new conditions were 177℃and 181℃respectively,and the NH 4Cl salt formation temperature of the cold low oil separation system were 178℃and 182℃respectively,which showed that under the original operating conditions,there was a risk of NH 4Cl crystallization in both the tube and shell side of E-104.Furthermore,the order of the factors affecting the crystallization temperature of NH 4Cl was determined as follows:content of Cl>content of N>system gas flow rate>system operating pressure through the design of orthogonal experiments.What’s more,a three-dimensional map to predict the content change pattern was obtained,which will greatly improve the prediction efficiency of the NH 4Cl salt temperature.
作者
任日菊
周斌
程伟
乔光谱
王明
Ren Riju;Zhou Bin;Cheng Wei;Qiao Guangpu;Wang Ming;无(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Hefei 230031;Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Pressure Vessel Inspection Station Co.Ltd.;School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University)
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期118-125,共8页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF0215105)
工信部智能制造综合标准化项目(工信厅装函[2018]265号)
安徽省科技重点研发计划项目(201904a05020046)
中国机械工业集团有限公司重大科技专项(国机科[2017]456号)
合肥通用机械研究院青年科技基金项目(2019010379)。
关键词
铵盐
氯化铵
冷低压分离油
结晶温度
模拟计算
正交试验
ammonium salt
ammonium chloride
cold oil from low pressure separator
crystallization temperature
simulation
orthogonal experiment
