摘要
塑料污染已成为全球面临的严重污染问题。微塑料粒径小,可通过多种途径进入地球生态环境大循环,并可沿食物链传递,在不同营养级的生物体内累积,对机体产生多种毒害效应。目前,微塑料污染问题已成为世界各国研究的焦点,我国的微塑料污染问题也日益突出。本文阐述了微塑料的来源和种类、环境污染原理和生物效应、分布和影响现状,提出了微塑料污染防治策略,并对微塑料污染的全球治理经验和模式进行了梳理和分析,对国际合作和社会合作的必要性进行了探讨。
Plastic pollution has become a serious global pollution problem.Because of their small particle size,microplastics can enter the earth’s ecological environment cycle through various ways.They also can be transported along the food chain,accumulated in organisms of different nutritional levels,and thus produce a variety of toxic effects.At present,the problem of microplastic pollution has become the focus of research in the world.Microplastic pollution in China is also becoming increasingly prominent.In this paper,the sources and types of microplastics,the environmental pollution principle and biological effect of microplastics,the distribution and influence status of microplastics are described,and the prevention and control strategies of microplastics pollution are put forward.Finally,the global governance experience and model of microplastics pollution control are summarized and analyzed,and the necessity of international cooperation and social cooperation is discussed.
作者
程芳
姜启英
阚丽萍
窦义芳
Cheng Fang;Jiang Qiying;Kan Liping;Dou Yifang(Zibo Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Center,Zibo 255032,China;Zibo Ecological Environment Quality Control Service Center,Zibo 255032,China;Shandong Nuclear and Radiation Safety Monitoring Center,Shandong,Ji'nan 250101,China)
出处
《核安全》
2020年第6期142-146,共5页
Nuclear Safety
关键词
微塑料污染
生态效应
复合毒性
国际共识与合作
microplastic pollution
ecological effect
compound toxicity
international consensus and cooperation
