摘要
舰载螺旋桨运输机布局紧凑,发动机短舱尺寸和质量较大,受螺旋桨滑流影响显著,飞行载荷问题突出,国内设计经验仍显不足。研究了某飞机发动机短舱的气动载荷、惯性载荷、陀螺力矩等设计方法及相关的设计规范约束与全机机动仿真技术。首先通过对规范的理解和选择确定短舱飞行载荷设计范围;建立机动仿真模型,获得短舱典型载荷工况;通过CFD方法获得有、无滑流影响的短舱压力分布数据;计算、筛选短舱的设计载荷与设计载荷工况;对比有/无滑流影响的气动载荷计算结果。研究表明:短舱的设计载荷工况出现在最大法向载荷系数(n Z)下的急剧俯仰机动、设计俯冲速度(V D)下的偏航机动、最大着舰质量下的发动机最大拉力等情况中;短舱侧向以气动载荷为主;法向以惯性载荷为主,极值情况下惯性力超过气动力4倍;某些机动/状态下,螺旋桨滑流可使短舱总气动力增大90%以上,靠近螺旋桨区域增幅更大。
The carrier-based propeller transport aircraft has a compact layout,where the large nacelle in size and weight is sensitive to propeller slipstream,and thus calls for sophisticated flight load design studies,which are still insufficient considering domestic experience.In detail,the design methods on aerodynamic load,inertial load,gyrostatic moment,as well as studies on design criteria and maneuver simulation technology are shown for a reference aircraft.The design range applied to this nacelle’s flight load is firstly determined by understanding and selecting the design criteria.The typical loadcases of the nacelle are derived from aircraft maneuver simulation.The data of pressure distribution under a series of propeller slipstream strengths is obtained by CFD method.The Design Loads and Design Loadcases of the nacelle are calculated and selected.The effects of the propeller slipstream are compared in an example of the increment on aerodynamic load in a maneuver.The results show that the Design Loads of the nacelle are obtained from the abrupt pitching maneuver under the maximum normal load factor(Nz),the yawing maneuver under the Design Dive Speed(V D),and the maximum propeller pull under the maximum landing weight;the transverse loads of the nacelle are dominated by the aerodynamic load,and the normal loads are dominated by the inertial load,in which the inertial force exceeds the aerodynamic force by 4 times under the extreme circumstances.In some manoeuvres or status,the total aerodynamic force of the whole nacelle is increased by above 90%due to propeller slipstream;the front part of the nacelle which is close to the propeller sees a much bigger increment.
作者
马凯超
唐长红
张建叶
牛孝飞
范庆志
MA Kaichao;TANG Changhong;ZHANG Jianye;NIU Xiaofei;FAN Qingzhi(AVIC the First Aircraft Institute,Xi′an 710089,China)
出处
《西北工业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1249-1256,共8页
Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University
关键词
舰载螺旋桨运输机
发动机短舱
气动载荷
惯性载荷
设计规范
机动仿真
螺旋桨滑流
设计载荷工况
carrier-based propeller transport aircraft
nacelle
aerodynamic load
inertial load
design criteria
maneuver simulation
propeller slipstream
design loadcases
