摘要
在德国社会学家埃利亚斯看来,死亡与临终模式的历史演化是典型的构型问题。埃利亚斯指出,现代临终者的孤寂是文明进程生成的理性、克制、自律的现代人格结构的显现;医学进步不断取得延迟死亡的胜利,将其局束在医护机构内,医学对自然属性的偏重淡化了临终的社会属性,与临终者的孤寂存在相关性;新、老世代在社会构型中的地位消长、崇老社会的瓦解、大家庭解体,也是临终孤寂的现代性体验的主要成因。引导亲属回归临终关怀、加强医护机构建设、完善养老及医疗保障制度、设立临终陪护假期、推行生命教育,对破除现代临终者的孤寂困境、增进人民福祉、建设美好生活,具有重要意义。这是埃利亚斯的构型社会学提供的当代启示。
For German sociologist Norbert Elias,the historic evolution of death and hospice mode was a typical figurational issue.Elias pointed out the following viewpoints.The loneliness of modern dying was the representation of modern personality structure of rationality,restraint and autonomy,which was the product of the civilizing process.The medical process continued to get the victory to postpone the death and locked it into the medical institution but medical stress on the natural attributes of the hospice weakened its social attributes and was relevant to the loneliness of the dying.The rising and dropping of status for different generations in social figuration,the collapse of elder-respected society,and the disintegration of large family were also the causes of the modern experience of the dying’s loneliness.There are of great significances to break the loneliness dilemma of modern dying,improve people’s well-being,and to construct the better life if we lead the relatives to return to hospice care,strengthen the medical institution development,improve endowment and medical security institution,establish hospice chaperonage vacation and spread the life education.They are the contemporary inspirations from Elias’s figurational sociology.
出处
《社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第12期79-89,共11页
Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金项目“构型社会学的理论研究及启示”(项目编号:12BSH002)的阶段性成果。
关键词
埃利亚斯
临终关怀
死亡
文明进程
超越孤寂
Norbert Elias
Hospice Care
Death
Civilizing Process
Beyond Loneliness
