摘要
为了解析郑州市PM2.5的污染特征和来源,同时为了研究不同季节以及市区和市郊之间的差异,本研究于2018年四季在郑州市环境保护监测中心站(市区)和郑州大学(市郊)点位共计采集环境PM2.5有效样品1284个.通过离子色谱仪、碳分析仪和X射线荧光光谱仪分别测试得到9种无机水溶性离子、两种碳组分和27种元素浓度,分析了郑州市城郊PM2.5中化学组分的季节变化特征,使用富集因子法、地累积指数法、化学质量平衡模型、后向轨迹法和潜在源贡献因子法,研究了郑州市城郊不同季节PM2.5的来源差异.结果表明,市区和市郊点位年平均PM2.5浓度达到(59.7±24.0)μg·m-3和(74.7±13.5)μg·m-3,郊区点位(除冬季外)季节平均浓度均高于市区点位,季节均值呈现冬季>秋季>春季>夏季的变化.市郊春季受地壳物质的影响较大,夏秋两季全部组分浓度均高于市区;冬季市区受燃煤源和机动车源影响更大.Cu、As、Zn、Pb和Sb受到人为源的影响强烈,市区富集程度更大,Zn、Cu、As和Pb存在一定的潜在生态风险.源解析结果显示,两点位春夏秋冬四季均分别受到扬尘源、二次硫酸盐、二次硝酸盐和燃煤源的较大影响,此外,市区四季受二次污染源和机动车源的影响较大,而市郊秋冬季受生物质源影响较大.来自山东的气团、西北方向的气团(除夏季外)、南方气团(除冬季外)对郑州市PM2.5的污染水平影响较大,其潜在来源区域主要为省内及与邻省的交界处.
The aim of this study was to fully understand the pollution characteristics and sources of PM2.5 in Zhengzhou,and to investigate the differences in four seasons and between urban and suburban areas.At the Zhengzhou environmental monitoring center(urban areas)and Zhengzhou University(suburban areas),1284 environmental PM2.5 samples were collected in the four seasons of 2018.The concentrations of nine kinds of inorganic water-soluble ions,organic carbon,elemental carbon and 27 kinds of elements,were measured by ion chromatography,carbon analyzer,and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,respectively.Enrichment factors(EF),index of geoaccumulation(Igeo),potential ecological risk index(RI),chemical mass balance model(CMB),backward trajectory,and potential source contribution function were the methods used to study the chemical component characteristics and source differences of PM2.5 in different seasons in the urban and suburban areas of Zhengzhou.The results showed that the annual average PM2.5 concentration at the Zhengzhou environmental monitoring center and Zhengzhou University sites reached(59.7±24.0)μg·m-3 and(74.7±13.5)μg·m-3,respectively.The PM2.5 concentration at the suburban point was higher than at the urban point with the exception of winter,and the seasonal mean concentration decreased in the order of winter>autumn>spring>summer.Compared with the urban areas,the suburban areas were more affected by crustal substances in spring,and the concentrations of all components were higher in summer and autumn than the urban areas.Nevertheless,urban areas were more affected by coal burning sources and motor vehicle sources in winter.The component analysis results showed that the influences of soil dust and building dust were greater in the suburbs in spring than in the urban areas.In autumn,the suburbs were more affected by biomass sources than the urban areas,while the urban areas were more affected by building dust than were the suburbs.The concentrations of Cu,As,Zn,Pb,and Sb were strongly influenced by anthrop
作者
张剑飞
姜楠
段时光
孙有昌
郝祺
张瑞芹
ZHANG Jian-fei;JIANG Nan;DUAN Shi-guang;SUN You-chang;HAO Qi;ZHANG Rui-qin(College of Chemistry,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Research Institute of Environmental Science,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期4813-4824,共12页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212400)
国家自然科学基金项目(51808510)
京津冀及周边“2+26”城市来源解析研究项目(DQGG0107-26)。
关键词
郑州市
PM2.5
季节变化
城郊差异
化学质量平衡(CMB)
来源解析
Zhengzhou City
PM2.5
seasonal variation
differences between urban and suburban areas
chemical mass balance model(CMB)
source apportionment
