摘要
中国对外贸易正面临前所未有的严峻形势,税收政策能否成为稳定出口增长和优化贸易结构的有效工具亟待研究。鉴于出口国内附加值率可以较为准确地反映企业参与全球价值链的真实贸易收益及其国际分工地位,本文以2009年在全国范围内实施的增值税转型改革作为政策冲击,采用倍差法识别了税收激励对企业出口国内附加值率的微观影响及其作用机制。研究发现,增值税转型政策显著提高了企业出口国内附加值率,其影响效应在时间趋势上呈现先上升后下降的动态变化特征;融资约束缓解和资本劳动比提高是增值税转型政策促进企业出口国内附加值率提高的两个影响渠道,而且融资约束缓解能够强化企业资本劳动比的促进作用;地区税收征管环境的恶化将会明显地削弱税收激励对企业出口国内附加值率的促进效果,而地区金融生态环境的改善则会强化这一影响效应;税收激励的出口国内附加值率影响效应存在明显的企业异质性。本文对于制定促进贸易转型升级的减税政策以及深化税收制度改革均具有一定的启示意义。
China’s foreign trade is facing an unprecedentedly severe challenges,making it urgent to explore policy instruments to stabilize export growth and optimize trade structure.Domestic value-added rate(DVAR)of firms’exports can accurately measure the real trade gains that firms acquire by participating in global value chains,so this paper employs China’s value-added tax reform in 2009 as an exogenous shock to identify the micro effect and its mechanism of tax incentives on the domestic value-added rate of firms’exports by using difference-in-difference method.We find that tax incentives significantly raise the DVAR of firms’exports,and the effect of tax incentives presents a reversed U-shape;the mitigation of financial constraints and increase of capital-labor ratio are the two important channels through which tax incentives raise the DVAR,and the mitigation of financial constraints can strengthen the positive effect of the firm’s capital-labor ratio.We also find that the deterioration of regional taxation environment and regional financial environment would obviously weaken the positive effect of tax incentives on the DVAR of firms’export,and the effect of tax incentives has obvious firm heterogeneity.
作者
刘玉海
廖赛男
张丽
LIU Yu-hai;LIAO Sai-nan;ZHANG Li(College of Economic and Social Development of Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of Economics of Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;School of Business of Dalian University of Foreign Languages,Dalian 116044,China)
出处
《中国工业经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第9期99-117,共19页
China Industrial Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“嵌入全球生产网络对中国企业技术创新能力的影响机制与提升路径研究”(批准号16CJY009)
天津市哲学社会科学规划重点委托项目“京津冀协同发展背景下我市产业链深度融合和产业区域配套研究”(批准号TJZK20-04)。
